महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-179

पुरा तक्षशिलातस्तं निवृत्तमपराजितम् ।
सम्यग्विजयिनं दृष्ट्वा समन्तान्मन्त्रिभिर्वृतम् ॥१७९॥

179. purā takṣaśilātastaṁ nivṛttamaparājitam ,
samyagvijayinaṁ dṛṣṭvā samantānmantribhirvṛtam.

179. purā takṣaśilātaḥ tam nivṛttam aparājitam
samyagvijayinam dṛṣṭvā samantāt mantribhiḥ vṛtam

179. Uttanka met Janamejaya, having seen him who had recently returned from Takṣaśila, unconquered and completely victorious, surrounded on all sides by his ministers.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - recently, before (referring to Janamejaya's return) (formerly, before, in ancient times)

• तक्षशिलातः (takṣaśilātaḥ) - from Takṣaśila

• तम् (tam) - him (Janamejaya) (him)

• निवृत्तम् (nivṛttam) - returned (returned, come back)

• अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - unconquered (unconquered, undefeated)

• सम्यग्विजयिनम् (samyagvijayinam) - completely victorious (completely victorious, perfectly triumphant)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - on all sides (on all sides, all around)

• मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - by his ministers (by ministers)

• वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed)

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - recently, before (referring to Janamejaya's return) (formerly, before, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a past event relative to the meeting.

तक्षशिलातः (takṣaśilātaḥ) - from Takṣaśila

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of takṣaśilā

takṣaśilā - Takṣaśila (ancient city, Taxila)

Note: Suffix `tas` indicates 'from'.

तम् (tam) - him (Janamejaya) (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

निवृत्तम् (nivṛttam) - returned (returned, come back)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - returned, turned back, ceased

past passive participle

From root `vṛt` with prefix `ni`

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `tam` (Janamejaya).

अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - unconquered (unconquered, undefeated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aparājita

aparājita - unconquered, undefeated

negative of past passive participle

From negative prefix `a` and `parājita` (past passive participle from root `ji` with prefix `parā`)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+parājita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• parājita – conquered, defeated
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root `ji` with prefix `parā`
  Prefix: parā
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `tam` (Janamejaya).

सम्यग्विजयिनम् (samyagvijayinam) - completely victorious (completely victorious, perfectly triumphant)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samyagvijayin

samyagvijayin - completely victorious, perfectly triumphant

agent noun/adjective

Compound of adverb `samyak` and adjective `vijayin` (from root `ji` with prefix `vi`)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (samyak+vijayin)

• samyak – properly, entirely, completely
  indeclinable
  From root `añc` with prefix `sam`
  Root: añc (class 1)
• vijayin – victorious, conqueror
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  From root `ji` with prefix `vi`
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `tam` (Janamejaya).

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From root `dṛś`

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Governs the accusative `tam` and its adjectives.

समन्तात् (samantāt) - on all sides (on all sides, all around)

(indeclinable)

From `samanta` with ablative suffix `tāt`

मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - by his ministers (by ministers)

(noun)

masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor

Note: Agent of the passive participle `vṛtam`.

वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

past passive participle

From root `vṛ` (to cover, encompass, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with `tam` (Janamejaya).