महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-162

स तथेत्युक्त्वा तमश्वमधिरुह्य प्रत्याजगामोपाध्यायकुलम् ।
उपाध्यायिनी च स्नाता केशानावपयन्त्युपविष्टोत्तङ्को नागच्छतीति शापायास्य मनो दधे ॥१६२॥

162. sa tathetyuktvā tamaśvamadhiruhya pratyājagāmopādhyāyakulam ,
upādhyāyinī ca snātā keśānāvapayantyupaviṣṭottaṅko nāgacchatīti śāpāyāsya mano dadhe.

162. sa tathā iti uktvā tam aśvam adhiruhya
pratyājagāma upādhyāyakulam upādhyāyinī ca
snātā keśān āvapayantī upaviṣṭā uttaṅkaḥ
na āgacchati iti śāpāya asya manaḥ dadhe

162. He, saying "So be it," mounted that horse and returned to the teacher's home. Meanwhile, the teacher's wife, having bathed and letting down her hair, was sitting and (thinking) "Uttanka is not coming!", thus setting her mind on cursing him.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - He (Uttanka) (he, that)

• तथा (tathā) - so (be it), yes (so, thus, in that way)

• इति (iti) - (marks the quotation 'tathā') (thus, so saying)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

• तम् (tam) - that (horse) (that (masc. acc.))

• अश्वम् (aśvam) - the horse (horse)

• अधिरुह्य (adhiruhya) - having mounted (the horse) (having mounted, having ascended)

• प्रत्याजगाम (pratyājagāma) - he returned (he returned, came back)

• उपाध्यायकुलम् (upādhyāyakulam) - the teacher's home (teacher's household, teacher's family)

• उपाध्यायिनी (upādhyāyinī) - the teacher's wife (teacher's wife)

• च (ca) - and, meanwhile (and)

• स्नाता (snātā) - having bathed (having bathed (feminine))

• केशान् (keśān) - her hair (hairs)

• आवपयन्ती (āvapayantī) - letting down/drying (her hair) (scattering, letting down, drying (feminine present participle))

• उपविष्टा (upaviṣṭā) - having sat down (seated, having sat (feminine))

• उत्तङ्कः (uttaṅkaḥ) - Uttanka (Uttanka (a proper name))

• न (na) - not

• आगच्छति (āgacchati) - is coming (he comes, he is coming)

• इति (iti) - (marks the quotation) (thus, so saying)

• शापाय (śāpāya) - for a curse

• अस्य (asya) - her (the teacher's wife's) (of him, his)

• मनः (manaḥ) - her mind (mind, thought)

• दधे (dadhe) - she fixed (her mind) (he/she placed, held, fixed)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - He (Uttanka) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine singular nominative of tad

तथा (tathā) - so (be it), yes (so, thus, in that way)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - (marks the quotation 'tathā') (thus, so saying)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

indeclinable participle (absolutive)

Root 'vac' + suffix '-ktvā'

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that (horse) (that (masc. acc.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine singular accusative of tad

अश्वम् (aśvam) - the horse (horse)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Masculine singular accusative

अधिरुह्य (adhiruhya) - having mounted (the horse) (having mounted, having ascended)

(indeclinable)

indeclinable participle (absolutive)

Prefix 'adhi-' + root 'ruh' + suffix '-ya'

Prefix: adhi

Root: ruh (class 1)

प्रत्याजगाम (pratyājagāma) - he returned (he returned, came back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pratyāgam

Reduplicated Perfect

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: From root √gam (to go) with prefixes prati-ā-

उपाध्यायकुलम् (upādhyāyakulam) - the teacher's home (teacher's household, teacher's family)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upādhyāyakula

upādhyāyakula - teacher's family/household

Compound type : tatpuruşa (upādhyāya+kula)

• upādhyāya – teacher, preceptor
  noun (masculine)
• kula – family, household, race, lineage
  noun (neuter)

Note: Neuter singular accusative

उपाध्यायिनी (upādhyāyinī) - the teacher's wife (teacher's wife)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upādhyāyinī

upādhyāyinī - teacher's wife

Feminine form of upādhyāya (teacher)

च (ca) - and, meanwhile (and)

(indeclinable)

स्नाता (snātā) - having bathed (having bathed (feminine))

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of snāta

snāta - bathed, purified

past participle

Past participle of √snā

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Feminine singular nominative, agreeing with 'upādhyāyinī'

केशान् (keśān) - her hair (hairs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of keśa

keśa - hair

Note: Masculine plural accusative

आवपयन्ती (āvapayantī) - letting down/drying (her hair) (scattering, letting down, drying (feminine present participle))

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āvapayat

āvapayat - scattering, pouring upon, letting down

present participle (causative/denominal stem)

Present participle of causative/denominal of √vap (to scatter, sow) with ā-

Prefixes: ā+vap

Root: vap (class 1)

Note: Feminine singular nominative, agreeing with 'upādhyāyinī'

उपविष्टा (upaviṣṭā) - having sat down (seated, having sat (feminine))

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upaviṣṭa

upaviṣṭa - seated, having sat down

past participle

Past participle of √viś (to enter) with upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Feminine singular nominative, agreeing with 'upādhyāyinī'

उत्तङ्कः (uttaṅkaḥ) - Uttanka (Uttanka (a proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttaṅka

uttaṅka - Uttanka (name of a sage)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आगच्छति (āgacchati) - is coming (he comes, he is coming)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āgam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: From root √gam (to go) with prefix ā-

इति (iti) - (marks the quotation) (thus, so saying)

(indeclinable)

शापाय (śāpāya) - for a curse

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

Note: Masculine singular dative

अस्य (asya) - her (the teacher's wife's) (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Genitive singular of idam, here referring to the feminine 'upādhyāyinī' based on context

मनः (manaḥ) - her mind (mind, thought)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

Note: Neuter singular nominative

दधे (dadhe) - she fixed (her mind) (he/she placed, held, fixed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (lit) of dhā

Reduplicated Perfect (middle voice)

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: From root √dhā (to place, fix)