महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-81, verse-79

गत्वा मधुवटीं चापि देव्यास्तीर्थं नरः शुचिः ।
तत्र स्नात्वार्चयेद्देवान्पितॄंश्च प्रयतः शुचिः ।
स देव्या समनुज्ञातो गोसहस्रफलं लभेत् ॥७९॥

79. gatvā madhuvaṭīṁ cāpi devyāstīrthaṁ naraḥ śuciḥ ,
tatra snātvārcayeddevānpitṝṁśca prayataḥ śuciḥ ,
sa devyā samanujñāto gosahasraphalaṁ labhet.

79. gatvā madhuvaṭīm ca api devyāḥ tīrtham
naraḥ śuciḥ tatra snātvā arcayet
devān pitṹn ca prayataḥ śuciḥ saḥ
devyā samanujñātaḥ gosahasraphalam labhet

79. A pure person, having gone to Madhuvaṭī, which is also the holy place (tīrtha) of the Goddess, should there bathe and diligently and purely worship the gods and ancestors. He, thus fully permitted by the Goddess, will attain the merit (phala) of donating a thousand cows (dāna).

Words meanings summery:

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• मधुवटीम् (madhuvaṭīm) - to Madhuvaṭī (to Madhuvaṭī (name of a place))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• देव्याः (devyāḥ) - of the Goddess (of the Goddess, of the divine female)

• तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - holy place (tīrtha) (holy place, ford, sacred bathing place)

• नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person, human being)

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (pure, clean, holy)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• स्नात्वा (snātvā) - having bathed

• अर्चयेत् (arcayet) - should worship (one should worship, he should honor)

• देवान् (devān) - gods

• पित्ṹन् (pitṹn) - ancestors (ancestors, fathers)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रयत्ः (prayatḥ) - diligently (diligent, strenuous, self-controlled)

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - purely (pure, clean, holy)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• देव्या (devyā) - by the Goddess

• समनुज्ञातः (samanujñātaḥ) - fully permitted (well-permitted, fully authorized, granted permission)

• गोसहस्रफलम् (gosahasraphalam) - the merit (phala) of donating a thousand cows (dāna) (the fruit of a thousand cows)

• लभेत् (labhet) - will attain (one would obtain, he would gain)

Words meanings and morphology

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) + suffix 'tvā'.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Indicates a preceding action.

मधुवटीम् (madhuvaṭīm) - to Madhuvaṭī (to Madhuvaṭī (name of a place))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of madhuvaṭī

madhuvaṭī - Madhuvaṭī (a specific place name, possibly meaning 'honey grove' or similar)

Note: Object of 'gatvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'Madhuvaṭī' and 'devyāḥ tīrtham'.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that it is also the tīrtha of the Goddess.

देव्याः (devyāḥ) - of the Goddess (of the Goddess, of the divine female)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, divine female, a venerable lady

Derived from root 'div' (to shine).

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Possessive case for 'tīrtham'.

तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - holy place (tīrtha) (holy place, ford, sacred bathing place)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīrtha

tīrtha - ford, passage, sacred bathing place, holy place, shrine

From root 'tṝ' (to cross).

Root: tṝ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'gatvā', completing the description of Madhuvaṭī.

नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Note: Subject of the clause.

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (pure, clean, holy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, holy, radiant, virtuous

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'naraḥ'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to Madhuvaṭī.

स्नात्वा (snātvā) - having bathed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'snā' (to bathe) + suffix 'tvā'.

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Indicates a preceding action before worshipping.

अर्चयेत् (arcayet) - should worship (one should worship, he should honor)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of arc

Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Root verb (1st class, P), Optative mood, parasmaipada.

Root: arc (class 1)

देवान् (devān) - gods

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Object of 'arcayet'.

पित्ṹन् (pitṹn) - ancestors (ancestors, fathers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor; (plural) forefathers, manes, departed ancestors

Note: Object of 'arcayet'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'devān' and 'pitṹn'.

प्रयत्ः (prayatḥ) - diligently (diligent, strenuous, self-controlled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayat

prayat - diligent, careful, self-controlled, restrained, striving, devout

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'pra' + root 'yat' (to strive, to restrain) + suffix 'ta'.

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Adjectival modifier for the implicit agent (naraḥ) of 'arcayet'.

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - purely (pure, clean, holy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, holy, radiant, virtuous

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Adjectival modifier for the implicit agent (naraḥ) of 'arcayet'.

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'naraḥ'.

देव्या (devyā) - by the Goddess

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, divine female, a venerable lady

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'samanujñātaḥ'.

समनुज्ञातः (samanujñātaḥ) - fully permitted (well-permitted, fully authorized, granted permission)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samanujñāta

samanujñāta - well-permitted, fully consented, authorized, granted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'sam' + 'anu' + root 'jñā' (to know, to permit) + suffix 'ta'.

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'.

गोसहस्रफलम् (gosahasraphalam) - the merit (phala) of donating a thousand cows (dāna) (the fruit of a thousand cows)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gosahasraphala

gosahasraphala - the fruit/result/merit of (donating) a thousand cows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+sahasra+phala)

• go – cow, cattle
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, reward, merit
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'labhet'.

लभेत् (labhet) - will attain (one would obtain, he would gain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of labh

Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Root verb (1st class, Ā), Optative mood, ātmanepada.

Root: labh (class 1)