महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-81, verse-159

एकरात्रं समासाद्य एकरात्रोषितो नरः ।
नियतः सत्यवादी च ब्रह्मलोके महीयते ॥१५९॥

159. ekarātraṁ samāsādya ekarātroṣito naraḥ ,
niyataḥ satyavādī ca brahmaloke mahīyate.

159. ekarātram samāsādya ekarātropoṣitaḥ naraḥ
niyataḥ satyavādī ca brahmaloke mahīyate

159. A person who, having observed a fast for one night and being disciplined and truthful, reaches (a sacred place for) one night is honored in the world of Brahmā.

159. אדם שהגיע לשם ושהה לילה אחד, מאופק ודובר אמת, זוכה לכבוד בעולמו של בְּרַהְמָה.

Words meanings summery:

• एकरात्रम् (ekarātram) - one night, for one night

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having attained, having reached

• एकरात्रोपोषितः (ekarātropoṣitaḥ) - one who has fasted for one night, having fasted for one night

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - restrained, disciplined, self-controlled

• सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - truth-speaker, one who speaks the truth

• च (ca) - and

• ब्रह्मलोके (brahmaloke) - in the world of Brahmā

• महीयते (mahīyate) - he is honored, he is glorified

Words meanings and morphology

एकरात्रम् (ekarātram) - one night, for one night

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekarātra

ekarātra - one night, a period of one night

Compound type : dvigu (eka+rātra)

• eka – one, single
  numeral (neuter)
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

Note: Can denote duration or a specific instance.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having attained, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root *sad* (to sit, go) with prefixes *sam* and *ā*.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: It is an absolutive, hence indeclinable.

एकरात्रोपोषितः (ekarātropoṣitaḥ) - one who has fasted for one night, having fasted for one night

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekarātropoṣita

ekarātropoṣita - one who has fasted for one night

Past Passive Participle

Compound of ekarātra (one night) and upoṣita (fasted), from root *vas* (to dwell) with *upa*.

Compound type : tatpurusha (ekarātra+upoṣita)

• ekarātra – one night
  noun (neuter)
• upoṣita – fasted, abstained, dwelt near
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root *vas* (to dwell) with prefix *upa*.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Acts as an agent noun here, modifying `naraḥ`.

नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Note: Subject of `mahīyate`.

नियतः (niyataḥ) - restrained, disciplined, self-controlled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - restrained, disciplined, controlled, fixed, regulated

Past Passive Participle

From root *yam* (to restrain, control) with prefix *ni*.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Modifies `naraḥ`.

सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - truth-speaker, one who speaks the truth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavādin

satyavādin - truth-speaker, veracious, truthful

agent noun

Compound of *satya* (truth) and *vādin* (speaker). From root *vad* (to speak).

Compound type : compound (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true, reality
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaking, speaker, proclaiming
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root *vad* (to speak).
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Modifies `naraḥ`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `niyataḥ` and `satyavādī`.

ब्रह्मलोके (brahmaloke) - in the world of Brahmā

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of brahmaloka

brahmaloka - the world of Brahmā, the highest heaven

Compound type : genitive tatpurusha (brahman+loka)

• brahman – Brahmā (the creator deity), the Absolute (brahman)
  proper noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)

महीयते (mahīyate) - he is honored, he is glorified

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of mahī

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada) of a denominative verb from *mahat* (great)

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: From a denominative root 'mahīya'.

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