महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-81, verse-48

ततः शीतवनं गच्छेन्नियतो नियताशनः ।
तीर्थं तत्र महाराज महदन्यत्र दुर्लभम् ॥४८॥

48. tataḥ śītavanaṁ gacchenniyato niyatāśanaḥ ,
tīrthaṁ tatra mahārāja mahadanyatra durlabham.

48. tataḥ śītavanam gacchet niyataḥ niyatāśanaḥ
tīrtham tatra mahārāja mahat anyatra durlabham

48. Then, O great king, one should go to Śītavana, practicing self-restraint and controlling one's diet. There, a great sacred bathing place (tīrtha) is found, which is difficult to find anywhere else.

48. לאחר מכן ילך אל שִׁיטַוַנַה בהתנהגות מרוסנת ובאכילה מרוסנת. שם, הו מלך גדול, יש אתר עלייה לרגל גדול שקשה למצוא כמוהו במקום אחר.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• शीतवनम् (śītavanam) - to Śītavana (a specific forest)

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - one should go, he should go

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled, restrained

• नियताशनः (niyatāśanaḥ) - one who has controlled his diet, eating sparingly

• तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - a sacred bathing place, a ford

• तत्र (tatra) - there

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• महत् (mahat) - great, significant

• अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere, in another place

• दुर्लभम् (durlabham) - difficult to obtain, rare

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) with 'tasi' suffix

शीतवनम् (śītavanam) - to Śītavana (a specific forest)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śītavana

śītavana - Śītavana (name of a forest)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śīta+vana)

• śīta – cold, cool
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: śī
• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
  Root: van (class 1)

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - one should go, he should go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled, restrained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - restrained, self-controlled, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'ni' (upasarga) + 'yam' (root) + 'kta' (suffix)

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

नियताशनः (niyatāśanaḥ) - one who has controlled his diet, eating sparingly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyatāśana

niyatāśana - one whose food is regulated, eating sparingly

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niyata+āśana)

• niyata – restrained, controlled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'ni' + 'yam'
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• āśana – eating, food
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'aś' (to eat)
  Root: aś (class 9)

तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - a sacred bathing place, a ford

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tīrtha

tīrtha - sacred place, holy bathing place, ford

Root: tṝ (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) with 'tral' suffix

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound of 'mahat' (great) and 'rājan' (king)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
  Root: mah
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, significant

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Present Active Participle

From root 'mah' (to be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere, in another place

(indeclinable)

From 'anya' (another) with 'tral' suffix

दुर्लभम् (durlabham) - difficult to obtain, rare

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, inaccessible

Compound of 'dur' (prefix indicating difficulty) and 'labha' (obtainable)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+labha)

• dur – bad, difficult
  prefix
• labha – gain, acquisition, obtainable
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'labh' (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

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