महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-81, verse-134

व्रतोपनयनाभ्यां वा उपवासेन वा द्विजः ।
क्रियामन्त्रैश्च संयुक्तो ब्राह्मणः स्यान्न संशयः ॥१३४॥

134. vratopanayanābhyāṁ vā upavāsena vā dvijaḥ ,
kriyāmantraiśca saṁyukto brāhmaṇaḥ syānna saṁśayaḥ.

134. vratopanayanābhyām vā upavāsena vā dvijaḥ
kriyāmantraiḥ ca saṃyuktaḥ brāhmaṇaḥ syāt na saṃśayaḥ

134. A twice-born (dvija) person, either through sacred vows (vrata) and the initiation ceremony (upanayana) or through fasting, and endowed with ritual acts (kriyā) and sacred formulas (mantra), undoubtedly becomes a brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• व्रतोपनयनाभ्याम् (vratopanayanābhyām) - by vows and investiture (upanayana)

• वा (vā) - or

• उपवासेन (upavāsena) - by fasting, through fasting

• वा (vā) - or

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Here, referring to a brahmin by birth. (a twice-born, a brahmin, a bird, a tooth)

• क्रियामन्त्रैः (kriyāmantraiḥ) - by ritual acts and mantras

• च (ca) - and, also

• संयुक्तः (saṁyuktaḥ) - endowed with, connected with, joined with

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, becomes

• न (na) - not

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

Words meanings and morphology

व्रतोपनयनाभ्याम् (vratopanayanābhyām) - by vows and investiture (upanayana)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, dual of vratopanayana

vratopanayana - vows and upanayana (sacred thread ceremony)

Dvanda compound of 'vrata' and 'upanayana'.

Compound type : dvandva (vrata+upanayana)

• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)
• upanayana – initiation, sacred thread ceremony
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √nī (to lead) with prefix upa, indicating leading near a guru for instruction.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: nī (class 1)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

उपवासेन (upavāsena) - by fasting, through fasting

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of upavāsa

upavāsa - fasting, abstinence from food

Derived from root √vas (to dwell) with prefix upa, meaning to remain near (the deity) without food.

Prefix: upa

Root: vas (class 2)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Here, referring to a brahmin by birth. (a twice-born, a brahmin, a bird, a tooth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (a term for Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas after Upanayana; also bird, tooth)

Compound: dvi (two) + ja (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

क्रियामन्त्रैः (kriyāmantraiḥ) - by ritual acts and mantras

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kriyāmantra

kriyāmantra - ritual acts and sacred formulas

Dvanda compound of 'kriyā' and 'mantra'.

Compound type : dvandva (kriyā+mantra)

• kriyā – action, ritual act, performance
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ
• mantra – sacred formula, incantation, hymn
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √man (to think).
  Root: man

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

संयुक्तः (saṁyuktaḥ) - endowed with, connected with, joined with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃyukta

saṁyukta - joined, united, endowed with, connected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √yuj (to join) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'dvijaḥ' and 'brāhmaṇaḥ'.

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, related to Brahman

Derived from 'brahman'.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mood

Root as, 2nd conjugation, active voice, optative 3rd person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation

Derived from root √śī (to lie) with prefix sam and śaya.

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Used in the phrase 'na saṃśayaḥ' meaning 'no doubt'.