महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-81, verse-101

ब्रह्मादिभिः सुरै राजन्नृषिभिश्च तपोधनैः ।
विज्ञप्तो वै महादेव ऋषेरर्थे नराधिप ।
नायं नृत्येद्यथा देव तथा त्वं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥१०१॥

101. brahmādibhiḥ surai rājannṛṣibhiśca tapodhanaiḥ ,
vijñapto vai mahādeva ṛṣerarthe narādhipa ,
nāyaṁ nṛtyedyathā deva tathā tvaṁ kartumarhasi.

101. brahmādibhiḥ suraiḥ rājan ṛṣibhiḥ ca
tapodhanaiḥ vijñaptaḥ vai mahādeva
ṛṣeḥ arthe narādhipa na ayam nṛtyet
yathā deva tathā tvam kartum arhasi

101. O king, by Brahmā and other gods, and by sages whose wealth is asceticism (tapas), the great god (Mahādeva) was indeed entreated for the sake of the sage: 'O lord, you ought to arrange that this one does not dance in this way.'

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मादिभिः (brahmādibhiḥ) - by Brahmā and other gods (by Brahmā and others)

• सुरैः (suraiḥ) - by the gods (by gods)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative address to the narrator's audience, e.g., Janamejaya) (O king)

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the sages (by sages, by seers)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तपोधनैः (tapodhanaiḥ) - by those whose wealth is asceticism (tapas) (by those whose wealth is asceticism, by ascetics)

• विज्ञप्तः (vijñaptaḥ) - was entreated (informed, entreated, supplicated)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely)

• महादेव (mahādeva) - the great god (Mahādeva) (great god (an epithet of Shiva))

• ऋषेः (ṛṣeḥ) - of the sage

• अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of (for the sake of, for the purpose of, in the matter of)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men, O king (vocative address to the narrator's audience) (ruler of men, king)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अयम् (ayam) - this one (referring to the sage) (this, this one)

• नृत्येत् (nṛtyet) - does not dance (should dance, might dance)

• यथा (yathā) - in this way (as, in which way, so that)

• देव (deva) - O lord (vocative address to Mahādeva) (O god, O lord)

• तथा (tathā) - so, in that way (so, in that manner, thus)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Mahādeva) (you)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to arrange (that) (to do, to make, to perform)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you are able, you ought, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मादिभिः (brahmādibhiḥ) - by Brahmā and other gods (by Brahmā and others)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brahmādi

brahmādi - Brahmā and others

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+ādi)

• brahman – Brahmā (the creator god), sacred utterance, ultimate reality (brahman)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, first, and so on, etc.
  indeclinable

सुरैः (suraiḥ) - by the gods (by gods)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Agrees with brahmādibhiḥ.

राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative address to the narrator's audience, e.g., Janamejaya) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the sages (by sages, by seers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तपोधनैः (tapodhanaiḥ) - by those whose wealth is asceticism (tapas) (by those whose wealth is asceticism, by ascetics)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tapodhana

tapodhana - whose wealth is asceticism, rich in penance

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, heat, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
• dhana – wealth, riches, treasure
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with ṛṣibhiḥ.

विज्ञप्तः (vijñaptaḥ) - was entreated (informed, entreated, supplicated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijñapta

vijñapta - informed, entreated, supplicated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root √jñā (to know) with prefix vi-, causative suffix -ap (implicit in form) and past passive participle suffix -ta.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to Mahādeva.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

महादेव (mahādeva) - the great god (Mahādeva) (great god (an epithet of Shiva))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādeva

mahādeva - great god (epithet of Shiva)

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+deva)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)

Note: The subject of the passive verb 'vijñaptaḥ'.

ऋषेः (ṛṣeḥ) - of the sage

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Connected with 'arthe'.

अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of (for the sake of, for the purpose of, in the matter of)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, object, sake

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men, O king (vocative address to the narrator's audience) (ruler of men, king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - ruler of men, king

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Another vocative address to the narrator's audience, similar to 'rājan'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this one (referring to the sage) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the sage who is dancing.

नृत्येत् (nṛtyet) - does not dance (should dance, might dance)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of nṛt

Root: nṛt (class 4)

Note: Expresses a wish or command, 'may he not dance'.

यथा (yathā) - in this way (as, in which way, so that)

(indeclinable)

देव (deva) - O lord (vocative address to Mahādeva) (O god, O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, lord, divine

तथा (tathā) - so, in that way (so, in that manner, thus)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Mahādeva) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'kartum arhasi'.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to arrange (that) (to do, to make, to perform)

(verb)

active, infinitive of kṛ

Infinitive

Infinitive form of verb root √kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'arhasi' meaning 'you ought to do'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you are able, you ought, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Used with an infinitive to express obligation or ability.