महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-308, verse-83

इदं पूर्वमिदं पश्चाद्वक्तव्यं यद्विवक्षितम् ।
क्रमयोगं तमप्याहुर्वाक्यं वाक्यविदो जनाः ॥८३॥

83. idaṁ pūrvamidaṁ paścādvaktavyaṁ yadvivakṣitam ,
kramayogaṁ tamapyāhurvākyaṁ vākyavido janāḥ.

83. idam pūrvam idam paścāt vaktavyam yat vivakṣitam
kramayogam tam api āhuḥ vākyam vākyavidaḥ janāḥ

83. yat vivakṣitam idam pūrvam idam paścāt vaktavyam (tat),
tam kramayogam api vākyavidaḥ janāḥ vākyam āhuḥ

83. When something is intended to be expressed as 'this comes first, this comes later', experts in language also call that sequential arrangement a 'statement'.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, here)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first (first, before, formerly, eastern)

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, here)

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - later (after, later, behind, west)

• वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - to be expressed (to be said, should be spoken, fit to be spoken)

• यत् (yat) - when, that which (which, what, that (relative pronoun))

• विवक्षितम् (vivakṣitam) - intended to be expressed (intended, wished to be said, meant)

• क्रमयोगम् (kramayogam) - sequential arrangement (sequential arrangement, order of connection)

• तम् (tam) - that (referring to kramayoga) (that (masculine))

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they call (they say, they call, they declare)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement (statement, sentence, speech, word)

• वाक्यविदः (vākyavidaḥ) - experts in language (knowers of sentences, experts in language)

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people (people, persons)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (this, here)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, referring to something near or just mentioned

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first (first, before, formerly, eastern)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pūrva

pūrva - first, former, earlier, eastern

इदम् (idam) - this (this, here)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, referring to something near or just mentioned

पश्चात् (paścāt) - later (after, later, behind, west)

(indeclinable)

वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - to be expressed (to be said, should be spoken, fit to be spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaktavya

vaktavya - to be said, proper to be said, speakable

gerundive

gerundive (future passive participle) from √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

यत् (yat) - when, that which (which, what, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that, in order that

विवक्षितम् (vivakṣitam) - intended to be expressed (intended, wished to be said, meant)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vivakṣita

vivakṣita - intended, meant, wished to be said

past passive participle

past passive participle of desiderative of √vac (to speak)

Prefix: vi

Root: vac (class 2)

क्रमयोगम् (kramayogam) - sequential arrangement (sequential arrangement, order of connection)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kramayoga

kramayoga - connection of sequence, sequential arrangement, ordered conjunction

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krama+yoga)

• krama – step, order, sequence, progression
  noun (masculine)
  from √kram (to step, go)
  Root: kram (class 1)
• yoga – union, connection, application, method, spiritual discipline
  noun (masculine)
  from √yuj (to join, to connect)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

तम् (tam) - that (referring to kramayoga) (that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they call (they say, they call, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of āhuḥ

Perfect

3rd person plural, perfect tense of √brū or √vac (to speak), irregular form

Root: vac (class 2)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement (statement, sentence, speech, word)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - sentence, statement, speech, word, discourse

from √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

वाक्यविदः (vākyavidaḥ) - experts in language (knowers of sentences, experts in language)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vākyavid

vākyavid - knower of sentences, grammarian, linguist

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vākya+vid)

• vākya – sentence, statement, speech
  noun (neuter)
  from √vac (to speak)
  Root: vac (class 2)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  from √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

जनाः (janāḥ) - people (people, persons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

from √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)