महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-308, verse-32

यथा क्षेत्रं मृदूभूतमद्भिराप्लावितं तथा ।
जनयत्यङ्कुरं कर्म नृणां तद्वत्पुनर्भवम् ॥३२॥

32. yathā kṣetraṁ mṛdūbhūtamadbhirāplāvitaṁ tathā ,
janayatyaṅkuraṁ karma nṛṇāṁ tadvatpunarbhavam.

32. yathā kṣetram mṛdū-bhūtam adbhiḥ āplāvitam tathā
janayati aṅkuram karma nṛṇām tadvat punarbhavam

32. yathā kṣetram mṛdū-bhūtam adbhiḥ āplāvitam aṅkuram
janayati tathā tadvat nṛṇām karma punarbhavam janayati

32. Just as a field, softened and soaked by waters, produces a sprout, so too do the actions (karma) of human beings similarly generate rebirth (punarbhava).

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• क्षेत्रम् (kṣetram) - a cultivable field (field, ground, region, body)

• मृदू-भूतम् (mṛdū-bhūtam) - having become soft, softened

• अद्भिः (adbhiḥ) - by waters

• आप्लावितम् (āplāvitam) - thoroughly watered (soaked, inundated, deluged)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

• जनयति (janayati) - produces, generates, causes to be born

• अङ्कुरम् (aṅkuram) - sprout, shoot, bud

• कर्म (karma) - actions and their cumulative results (action, deed, ritual, consequence of action)

• नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, of human beings

• तद्वत् (tadvat) - like that, similarly, in that manner

• पुनर्भवम् (punarbhavam) - rebirth, renewed existence, reincarnation

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

Adverb

क्षेत्रम् (kṣetram) - a cultivable field (field, ground, region, body)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣetra

kṣetra - field, ground, land, region, sacred place, body

Root: kṣī (class 1)

Note: Object of janayati in the yathā clause, but is described first.

मृदू-भूतम् (mṛdū-bhūtam) - having become soft, softened

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mṛdū-bhūta

mṛdū-bhūta - softened, become soft, made tender

Past Passive Participle (bhūta) combined with adjective (mṛdu).

Karmadharaya or descriptive compound, neuter accusative singular.

Compound type : karmadharaya (mṛdu+bhūta)

• mṛdu – soft, tender, mild
  adjective
• bhūta – become, happened, past
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root bhū (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

अद्भिः (adbhiḥ) - by waters

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Irregular feminine noun, instrumental plural.

Note: Agent of āplāvitam.

आप्लावितम् (āplāvitam) - thoroughly watered (soaked, inundated, deluged)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āplāvita

āplāvita - soaked, inundated, flooded, thoroughly moistened

Past Passive Participle

Neuter accusative singular. From ā-plu (to float, to inundate).

Prefix: ā

Root: plu (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

(indeclinable)

Adverb

जनयति (janayati) - produces, generates, causes to be born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jan

Causative, Present Tense, Active Voice

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, Present Indicative. Causative of jan.

Root: jan (class 4)

अङ्कुरम् (aṅkuram) - sprout, shoot, bud

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aṅkura

aṅkura - sprout, shoot, bud, germ

Note: Object of janayati in the yathā clause.

कर्म (karma) - actions and their cumulative results (action, deed, ritual, consequence of action)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, rite, destiny, effect of action

From root kṛ (to do). Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, of human beings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, human being, hero

Genitive plural.

तद्वत् (tadvat) - like that, similarly, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Adverb of comparison, from tad + vat.

पुनर्भवम् (punarbhavam) - rebirth, renewed existence, reincarnation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of punarbhava

punarbhava - rebirth, renewed existence, re-becoming

Compound punar (again) + bhava (becoming, existence). Masculine accusative singular.

Compound type : karmadharaya (punar+bhava)

• punar – again, anew
  indeclinable
• bhava – becoming, existence, birth, world
  noun (masculine)
  Root bhū (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)