महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-308, verse-60
वर्तसे मोक्षधर्मेषु गार्हस्थ्ये त्वहमाश्रमे ।
अयं चापि सुकष्टस्ते द्वितीयोऽऽश्रमसंकरः ॥६०॥
अयं चापि सुकष्टस्ते द्वितीयोऽऽश्रमसंकरः ॥६०॥
60. vartase mokṣadharmeṣu gārhasthye tvahamāśrame ,
ayaṁ cāpi sukaṣṭaste dvitīyo''śramasaṁkaraḥ.
ayaṁ cāpi sukaṣṭaste dvitīyo''śramasaṁkaraḥ.
60.
vartase mokṣadharmeṣu gārhasthye tu aham āśrame
| ayam ca api sukaṣṭaḥ te dvitīyaḥ āśramasaṅkaraḥ
| ayam ca api sukaṣṭaḥ te dvitīyaḥ āśramasaṅkaraḥ
60.
tvam mokṣadharmeṣu vartase,
tu aham gārhasthye āśrame ca api ayam te sukaṣṭaḥ dvitīyaḥ āśramasaṅkaraḥ
tu aham gārhasthye āśrame ca api ayam te sukaṣṭaḥ dvitīyaḥ āśramasaṅkaraḥ
60.
You are committed to the principles (dharma) that lead to liberation (mokṣa), whereas I am in the householder stage (āśrama) of life. This, moreover, would be your second grievous transgression: an undesirable mixture of life stages (āśramasaṅkara).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वर्तसे (vartase) - you are committed to / you abide in (you abide, you are, you turn, you exist)
- मोक्षधर्मेषु (mokṣadharmeṣu) - in the principles (dharma) that lead to liberation (mokṣa) (in the principles/duties of liberation)
- गार्हस्थ्ये (gārhasthye) - in the householder stage (āśrama) (in the householder state/life)
- तु (tu) - whereas (but, on the other hand, whereas)
- अहम् (aham) - I
- आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the householder stage (āśrama) of life (in the hermitage, in the stage of life)
- अयम् (ayam) - this (transgression) (this (masculine nominative singular))
- च (ca) - moreover, and also (and, also)
- अपि (api) - also, moreover (also, even, too)
- सुकष्टः (sukaṣṭaḥ) - grievous (very difficult, very painful, grievous)
- ते (te) - your (your, by you, to you)
- द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - second
- आश्रमसङ्करः (āśramasaṅkaraḥ) - an undesirable mixture of life stages (āśramasaṅkara) (confusion/mixture of stages of life)
Words meanings and morphology
वर्तसे (vartase) - you are committed to / you abide in (you abide, you are, you turn, you exist)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt
Root: vṛt (class 1)
मोक्षधर्मेषु (mokṣadharmeṣu) - in the principles (dharma) that lead to liberation (mokṣa) (in the principles/duties of liberation)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of mokṣadharma
mokṣadharma - the duty/path/principle leading to liberation, the intrinsic nature of liberation
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mokṣa+dharma)
- mokṣa – liberation, release, emancipation, freedom
noun (masculine)
From muc + ghañ
Root: muc (class 6) - dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion
noun (masculine)
From dhṛ + man
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
गार्हस्थ्ये (gārhasthye) - in the householder stage (āśrama) (in the householder state/life)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of gārhasthya
gārhasthya - state of a householder, domestic life
Derived from gṛhastha ('householder')
Note: This word can also be an adjective (masc. sg. loc.) modifying āśrame, but here it's more likely an independent noun referring to the state.
तु (tu) - whereas (but, on the other hand, whereas)
(indeclinable)
Note: Indicates contrast.
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
First person pronoun
आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the householder stage (āśrama) of life (in the hermitage, in the stage of life)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of āśrama
āśrama - hermitage, monastery, stage of life, order of religious life
From ā- + śram + a
Prefix: ā
Root: śram (class 4)
Note: Refers to the Gārhasthya-āśrama.
अयम् (ayam) - this (transgression) (this (masculine nominative singular))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, this one
Demonstrative pronoun
च (ca) - moreover, and also (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used conjunctively or to add emphasis.
अपि (api) - also, moreover (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
सुकष्टः (sukaṣṭaḥ) - grievous (very difficult, very painful, grievous)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sukaṣṭa
sukaṣṭa - very difficult, extremely painful, grievous, arduous
Compound type : bahuvrihi or karmadhāraya (su+kaṣṭa)
- su – good, well, very, excellent
indeclinable
Prefix indicating 'good', 'well', or intensification - kaṣṭa – difficult, bad, painful, evil, trouble, suffering
adjective (neuter)
From kaṣ + kta
Root: kaṣ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies āśramasaṅkaraḥ
ते (te) - your (your, by you, to you)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of tvad
tvad - you
Second person pronoun
Note: Alternate form for tava.
द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - second
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvitīya
dvitīya - second, secondary
Ordinal number from dvi ('two')
Note: Qualifies āśramasaṅkaraḥ
आश्रमसङ्करः (āśramasaṅkaraḥ) - an undesirable mixture of life stages (āśramasaṅkara) (confusion/mixture of stages of life)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āśramasaṅkara
āśramasaṅkara - mixture or confusion of the stages of life (āśramas)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśrama+saṅkara)
- āśrama – stage of life, hermitage
noun (masculine)
From ā- + śram + a
Prefix: ā
Root: śram (class 4) - saṅkara – mixture, confusion, intermixture, hybrid
noun (masculine)
From sam- + kṛ + ap
Prefix: sam
Root: kṛ (class 8)