महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-308, verse-142

स्नाह्यालभ पिब प्राश जुहुध्यग्नीन्यजेति च ।
वदस्व शृणु चापीति विवशः कार्यते परैः ॥१४२॥

142. snāhyālabha piba prāśa juhudhyagnīnyajeti ca ,
vadasva śṛṇu cāpīti vivaśaḥ kāryate paraiḥ.

142. snāhi ālabha piba prāśa juhudhi agnīn yaja iti ca
vadasva śṛṇu ca api iti vivaśaḥ kāryate paraiḥ

142. vivaśaḥ paraiḥ snāhi ālabha piba prāśa agnīn
juhudhi yaja iti ca vadasva śṛṇu api iti ca kāryate

142. “Bathe, touch, drink, eat, offer to the fires, perform a Vedic ritual (yajña)!” and “Speak, listen!” — such are the commands by which a helpless person is made to act by others.

Words meanings summery:

• स्नाहि (snāhi) - bathe!

• आलभ (ālabha) - touch!, anoint!, grasp!

• पिब (piba) - drink!

• प्राश (prāśa) - eat!, taste!

• जुहुधि (juhudhi) - offer!, sacrifice!

• अग्नीन् (agnīn) - fires

• यज (yaja) - perform a Vedic ritual!, worship!

• इति (iti) - thus, saying

• च (ca) - and, also

• वदस्व (vadasva) - speak!

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen!, hear!

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• इति (iti) - thus, saying

• विवशः (vivaśaḥ) - helpless, powerless, dependent

• कार्यते (kāryate) - is made to do, is caused to act

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by others, by strangers

Words meanings and morphology

स्नाहि (snāhi) - bathe!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of snā

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

From root snā, imperative active, parasmaipada.

Root: snā (class 2)

आलभ (ālabha) - touch!, anoint!, grasp!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ā-labh

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

From root labh with upasarga ā, imperative active, parasmaipada.

Prefix: ā

Root: labh (class 1)

पिब (piba) - drink!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pā

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

From root pā, imperative active, parasmaipada.

Root: pā (class 1)

प्राश (prāśa) - eat!, taste!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pra-aś

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

From root aś with upasarga pra, imperative active, parasmaipada.

Prefix: pra

Root: aś (class 9)

जुहुधि (juhudhi) - offer!, sacrifice!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of hu

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

From root hu, imperative active, parasmaipada.

Root: hu (class 3)

अग्नीन् (agnīn) - fires

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of agni

agni - fire, sacred fire, god of fire

यज (yaja) - perform a Vedic ritual!, worship!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of yaj

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

From root yaj, imperative active, parasmaipada.

Root: yaj (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, saying

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वदस्व (vadasva) - speak!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vad

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

From root vad, imperative middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: vad (class 1)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen!, hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

From root śru, imperative active, parasmaipada.

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, saying

(indeclinable)

विवशः (vivaśaḥ) - helpless, powerless, dependent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivaśa

vivaśa - helpless, powerless, dependent, controlled by others

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+vaśa)

• vi – without, apart, opposite
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or negation.
• vaśa – will, power, control, authority
  noun (masculine)

कार्यते (kāryate) - is made to do, is caused to act

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Passive 3rd Person Singular

Causative passive form of root kṛ, present tense, middle voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The passive voice of the causative form 'kārayati'.

परैः (paraiḥ) - by others, by strangers

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, supreme, highest

Note: Can also be an adjective. Here it functions pronominally.