महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-308, verse-104

अथ द्वादशके तस्मिन्सत्त्वं नामापरो गुणः ।
महासत्त्वोऽल्पसत्त्वो वा जन्तुर्येनानुमीयते ॥१०४॥

104. atha dvādaśake tasminsattvaṁ nāmāparo guṇaḥ ,
mahāsattvo'lpasattvo vā janturyenānumīyate.

104. atha dvādaśake tasmin sattvam nāma aparaḥ guṇaḥ
mahāsattvaḥ alpasattvaḥ vā jantuḥ yena anumīyate

104. atha tasmin dvādaśake sattvam nāma aparaḥ guṇaḥ
yena jantuḥ mahāsattvaḥ vā alpasattvaḥ anumīyate

104. Now, in that twelfth (category of attributes), there is another attribute called 'sattva' (sattva). By this (sattva), a living being (jantu) is inferred to be either of great sattva or of little sattva.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, then, moreover

• द्वादशके (dvādaśake) - in the twelfth (category/group)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - sattva (goodness, existence, being)

• नाम (nāma) - named, by name, indeed

• अपरः (aparaḥ) - another, other, subsequent

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - attribute, quality

• महासत्त्वः (mahāsattvaḥ) - having great sattva, of great goodness

• अल्पसत्त्वः (alpasattvaḥ) - having little sattva, of little goodness

• वा (vā) - or

• जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - living being, creature

• येन (yena) - by which

• अनुमीयते (anumīyate) - is inferred, is understood

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, then, moreover

(indeclinable)

द्वादशके (dvādaśake) - in the twelfth (category/group)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvādaśaka

dvādaśaka - a group of twelve, relating to the twelfth

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - sattva (goodness, existence, being)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - existence, reality, being, essence, goodness, purity (one of the three guṇas)

Root: as (class 2)

नाम (nāma) - named, by name, indeed

(indeclinable)

अपरः (aparaḥ) - another, other, subsequent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, posterior, western

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - attribute, quality

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, virtue, string, secondary member

महासत्त्वः (mahāsattvaḥ) - having great sattva, of great goodness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāsattva

mahāsattva - great being, noble, having great goodness/purity

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+sattva)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• sattva – existence, reality, being, essence, goodness, purity (one of the three guṇas)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 2)

अल्पसत्त्वः (alpasattvaḥ) - having little sattva, of little goodness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpasattva

alpasattva - having little goodness/purity, of slight nature

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+sattva)

• alpa – small, little, few
  adjective
• sattva – existence, reality, being, essence, goodness, purity (one of the three guṇas)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 2)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - living being, creature

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, man, animal

Root: jan (class 4)

येन (yena) - by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

अनुमीयते (anumīyate) - is inferred, is understood

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of anumī

root mā with upasarga anu

Prefix: anu

Root: mā (class 3)