महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-308, verse-154

मित्रामात्यं पुरं राष्ट्रं दण्डः कोशो महीपतिः ।
सप्ताङ्गश्चक्रसंघातो राज्यमित्युच्यते नृप ॥१५४॥

154. mitrāmātyaṁ puraṁ rāṣṭraṁ daṇḍaḥ kośo mahīpatiḥ ,
saptāṅgaścakrasaṁghāto rājyamityucyate nṛpa.

154. mitrāmātyam puram rāṣṭram daṇḍaḥ kośaḥ mahīpatiḥ
saptāṅgaḥ ca cakrasaṃghātaḥ rājyam iti ucyate nṛpa

154. nṛpa rājyam mitrāmātyam puram rāṣṭram daṇḍaḥ kośaḥ
mahīpatiḥ saptāṅgaḥ ca cakrasaṃghātaḥ iti ucyate

154. O king, the state (rājyam) is declared to be a seven-limbed (saptāṅga) collection, like a wheel's components, comprising friends, ministers, the capital city, the territory, the army, the treasury, and the king.

Words meanings summery:

• मित्रामात्यम् (mitrāmātyam) - friends and ministers

• पुरम् (puram) - capital city (city, capital)

• राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - territory of the kingdom (kingdom, territory, state)

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - army or military force (rod, punishment, army, force)

• कोशः (kośaḥ) - treasury (of the state) (treasury, collection, bud)

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - the king (as one of the seven constituents) (king, lord of the earth)

• सप्ताङ्गः (saptāṅgaḥ) - having seven constituents (referring to the state) (seven-limbed, having seven parts)

• च (ca) - and

• चक्रसंघातः (cakrasaṁghātaḥ) - a combination of parts like a wheel (suggesting interconnectedness) (a collection like a wheel, combination of parts like a wheel)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the state or political entity (kingdom, state, sovereignty)

• इति (iti) - thus, meaning 'is called' or 'is defined as' (thus, in this manner, that)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is defined as (is said, is called, is declared)

• नृप (nṛpa) - an address to the king (O king)

Words meanings and morphology

मित्रामात्यम् (mitrāmātyam) - friends and ministers

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitrāmātya

mitrāmātya - friends and ministers

Compound of mitra (friend) and amātya (minister).

Compound type : dvandva (mitra+amātya)

• mitra – friend
  noun (masculine)
• amātya – minister, companion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Listed as one of the seven constituents, in nominative case.

पुरम् (puram) - capital city (city, capital)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, capital

Note: Listed as one of the seven constituents.

राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - territory of the kingdom (kingdom, territory, state)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, country, territory, state

Note: Listed as one of the seven constituents.

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - army or military force (rod, punishment, army, force)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - rod, staff, army, punishment, fine, scepter

Note: Listed as one of the seven constituents.

कोशः (kośaḥ) - treasury (of the state) (treasury, collection, bud)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kośa

kośa - treasury, casket, store, budget, sheath

Note: Listed as one of the seven constituents.

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - the king (as one of the seven constituents) (king, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, ruler, lord of the earth

Compound of mahī (earth) and pati (lord).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Listed as one of the seven constituents.

सप्ताङ्गः (saptāṅgaḥ) - having seven constituents (referring to the state) (seven-limbed, having seven parts)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saptāṅga

saptāṅga - having seven parts or constituents, seven-limbed

Compound of sapta (seven) and aṅga (limb, part).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sapta+aṅga)

• sapta – seven
  numeral
• aṅga – limb, body part, constituent
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies the implicit 'rājyam' or explicitly 'cakrasaṃghātaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

चक्रसंघातः (cakrasaṁghātaḥ) - a combination of parts like a wheel (suggesting interconnectedness) (a collection like a wheel, combination of parts like a wheel)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cakrasaṃghāta

cakrasaṁghāta - a collection/assemblage like a wheel; combination of parts

Compound of cakra (wheel) and saṃghāta (collection, assemblage).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (cakra+saṃghāta)

• cakra – wheel, disc
  noun (neuter)
• saṃghāta – collection, assemblage, mass
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from verbal root √han (to strike, collect) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'rājyam'.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the state or political entity (kingdom, state, sovereignty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, reign, sovereignty, state

Note: Subject of the sentence.

इति (iti) - thus, meaning 'is called' or 'is defined as' (thus, in this manner, that)

(indeclinable)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is defined as (is said, is called, is declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present passive indicative 3rd person singular of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

नृप (nṛpa) - an address to the king (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver (from root √pā)
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root √pā (to protect, govern) with kṛt suffix 'a'.
  Root: pā (class 2)