महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-308, verse-110

विंशकश्चैष संघातो महाभूतानि पञ्च च ।
सदसद्भावयोगौ च गुणावन्यौ प्रकाशकौ ॥११०॥

110. viṁśakaścaiṣa saṁghāto mahābhūtāni pañca ca ,
sadasadbhāvayogau ca guṇāvanyau prakāśakau.

110. viṃśakaḥ ca eṣaḥ saṃghātaḥ mahābhūtāni pañca ca
sat asat bhāvayogau ca guṇau anyau prakāśakau

110. eṣaḥ viṃśakaḥ saṃghātaḥ ca pañca mahābhūtāni ca
sat asat bhāvayogau ca anyau guṇau prakāśakau

110. This aggregate of twenty (constituents), along with the five great elements, and the dual states of existence (sat) and non-existence (asat) — these two are considered other qualities that reveal (the nature of reality).

Words meanings summery:

• विंशकः (viṁśakaḥ) - aggregate of twenty constituents/principles (twenty-fold, consisting of twenty, group of twenty)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

• संघातः (saṁghātaḥ) - aggregation, collection, combination, mass

• महाभूतानि (mahābhūtāni) - the five great elements: ether, air, fire, water, earth (the great elements)

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• सत् (sat) - the state of existence (existing, real, true; being, existence)

• असत् (asat) - the state of non-existence (non-existing, unreal, false; non-being, non-existence)

• भावयोगौ (bhāvayogau) - the conjunctions of existence and non-existence (sat and asat) (conjunctions of states/natures, unions of being)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• गुणौ (guṇau) - two qualities, two attributes

• अन्यौ (anyau) - two others, two different ones

• प्रकाशकौ (prakāśakau) - two illuminators, two revealers, two manifestors

Words meanings and morphology

विंशकः (viṁśakaḥ) - aggregate of twenty constituents/principles (twenty-fold, consisting of twenty, group of twenty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṃśaka

viṁśaka - twenty-fold, consisting of twenty, a collection of twenty

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

संघातः (saṁghātaḥ) - aggregation, collection, combination, mass

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃghāta

saṁghāta - aggregation, collection, combination, mass, accumulation

Derived from root han (to strike) with sam- prefix, often implying 'compacted'

Prefix: sam

Root: han (class 2)

महाभूतानि (mahābhūtāni) - the five great elements: ether, air, fire, water, earth (the great elements)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mahābhūta

mahābhūta - great element, primary element

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhūta)

• mahā – great, large, vast
  adjective
• bhūta – element, being, creature, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root bhū (to be) + kta suffix
  Root: bhū (class 1)

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

सत् (sat) - the state of existence (existing, real, true; being, existence)

(adjective)

of sat

sat - existing, real, true, good; being, reality

Present Active Participle

Present participle of the root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

असत् (asat) - the state of non-existence (non-existing, unreal, false; non-being, non-existence)

(adjective)

of asat

asat - non-existing, unreal, false, bad; non-being, non-existence

Negative Present Active Participle

Negative particle 'a' + present participle of the root 'as' (to be)

Prefix: a

Root: as (class 2)

भावयोगौ (bhāvayogau) - the conjunctions of existence and non-existence (sat and asat) (conjunctions of states/natures, unions of being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhāvayoga

bhāvayoga - conjunction of states, union of existing conditions

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāva+yoga)

• bhāva – state, condition, nature, being, existence, emotion
  noun (masculine)
  from root bhū (to be) + a suffix
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• yoga – union, conjunction, application, discipline, spiritual practice
  noun (masculine)
  from root yuj (to join, to yoke) + a suffix
  Root: yuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

गुणौ (guṇau) - two qualities, two attributes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, virtue

अन्यौ (anyau) - two others, two different ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of anya

anya - other, different

प्रकाशकौ (prakāśakau) - two illuminators, two revealers, two manifestors

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prakāśaka

prakāśaka - illuminating, revealing, manifesting; an illuminator, revealer

Agent Noun/Adjective

From root 'kāś' (to shine) with 'pra' prefix and '-aka' suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)