महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-308, verse-30

ज्ञानेन कुरुते यत्नं यत्नेन प्राप्यते महत् ।
महद्द्वंद्वप्रमोक्षाय सा सिद्धिर्या वयोतिगा ॥३०॥

30. jñānena kurute yatnaṁ yatnena prāpyate mahat ,
mahaddvaṁdvapramokṣāya sā siddhiryā vayotigā.

30. jñānena kurute yatnam yatnena prāpyate mahat
mahad-dvandva-pramokṣāya sā siddhiḥ yā vayo-atigā

30. jñānena yatnam kurute yatnena mahat prāpyate yā
vayo-atigā sā siddhiḥ mahad-dvandva-pramokṣāya

30. One makes effort through knowledge, and by effort, a great state is attained. That perfection (siddhi) which transcends age is for the complete liberation (mokṣa) from the great pairs of opposites.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञानेन (jñānena) - by knowledge, by wisdom

• कुरुते (kurute) - one does, performs, makes

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - by effort, through exertion

• प्राप्यते (prāpyate) - is obtained, is reached, is attained

• महत् (mahat) - great state, supreme principle (great, large, important, supreme state)

• महद्-द्वन्द्व-प्रमोक्षाय (mahad-dvandva-pramokṣāya) - for the complete liberation from the great pairs of opposites

• सा (sā) - that (perfection) (she, that (feminine))

• सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - perfection, accomplishment, success, attainment

• या (yā) - which (feminine)

• वयो-अतिगा (vayo-atigā) - transcending age/time

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञानेन (jñānena) - by knowledge, by wisdom

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, spiritual knowledge

Derived from root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

कुरुते (kurute) - one does, performs, makes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Tense, Middle Voice

3rd person singular, Atmanepada, Present Indicative

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

Derived from root yat (to strive)

Root: yat (class 1)

यत्नेन (yatnena) - by effort, through exertion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

Derived from root yat (to strive)

Root: yat (class 1)

प्राप्यते (prāpyate) - is obtained, is reached, is attained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of prāp

Present Tense, Passive Voice

3rd person singular, Passive, Present Indicative. From pra-āp.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

महत् (mahat) - great state, supreme principle (great, large, important, supreme state)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, eminent, important, supreme

Present Active Participle of mah (to be great)

Strong stem of the participle. Nominative/Accusative Neuter Singular or Nominative Masculine Singular. Here, likely Neuter, referring to a great state or principle.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun here, 'the great thing/state'.

महद्-द्वन्द्व-प्रमोक्षाय (mahad-dvandva-pramokṣāya) - for the complete liberation from the great pairs of opposites

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of mahad-dvandva-pramokṣa

mahad-dvandva-pramokṣa - complete liberation from the great pairs of opposites

Compound noun in dative case

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahat+dvandva+pramokṣa)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Root mah
  Root: mah (class 1)
• dvandva – pair, couple, duality, pairs of opposites
  noun (neuter)
  From dva (two)
• pramokṣa – complete liberation, release
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-muc (to release)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: muc (class 6)

सा (sā) - that (perfection) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Nominative feminine singular

सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - perfection, accomplishment, success, attainment

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - accomplishment, success, perfection, supernatural power, attainment

From root sidh (to accomplish)

Root: sidh (class 1)

या (yā) - which (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Nominative feminine singular

वयो-अतिगा (vayo-atigā) - transcending age/time

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vayas-atigā

vayas-atigā - transcending age, beyond time

Compound in nominative feminine singular. From vayas (age) and atigā (going beyond).

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (vayas+atigā)

• vayas – age, life, time, vigor
  noun (neuter)
• atigā – going beyond, transcending
  adjective (feminine)
  From ati-gam (to go beyond). feminine nominative singular
  Prefix: ati
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with siddhiḥ.