महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-308, verse-128

रिपौ मित्रेऽथ मध्यस्थे विजये संधिविग्रहे ।
कृतवान्यो महीपाल किं तस्मिन्मुक्तलक्षणम् ॥१२८॥

128. ripau mitre'tha madhyasthe vijaye saṁdhivigrahe ,
kṛtavānyo mahīpāla kiṁ tasminmuktalakṣaṇam.

128. ripau mitre atha madhyasthe vijaye sandhivigrahe
kṛtavān yaḥ mahīpāla kim tasmin muktalakṣaṇam

128. mahīpāla yaḥ ripau mitre atha madhyasthe kṛtavān
vijaye sandhivigrahe tasmin kim muktalakṣaṇam

128. O King (mahīpāla), what are the characteristics of a liberated person (mokṣa) in one who engages with enemies, friends, or neutral parties, and who acts in terms of victory, peace (sandhi), or war (vigraha)?

Words meanings summery:

• रिपौ (ripau) - in an enemy

• मित्रे (mitre) - in a friend

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• मध्यस्थे (madhyasthe) - in a neutral person, in an indifferent person

• विजये (vijaye) - in victory

• सन्धिविग्रहे (sandhivigrahe) - in peace and war

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - one who has done/acted

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which (masculine))

• महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O King, protector of the earth

• किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him (in him, in that)

• मुक्तलक्षणम् (muktalakṣaṇam) - the characteristic of a liberated one, sign of liberation

Words meanings and morphology

रिपौ (ripau) - in an enemy

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, rival

मित्रे (mitre) - in a friend

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally, sun

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

मध्यस्थे (madhyasthe) - in a neutral person, in an indifferent person

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of madhyastha

madhyastha - standing in the middle, neutral, indifferent, umpire

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhya+stha)

• madhya – middle, central, neutral
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, being, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Kṛt
  Derived from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

विजये (vijaye) - in victory

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

सन्धिविग्रहे (sandhivigrahe) - in peace and war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sandhivigraha

sandhivigraha - peace and war (political terms)

Compound type : dvandva (sandhi+vigraha)

• sandhi – peace, treaty, union
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• vigraha – war, separation, dispute
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: grah (class 9)

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - one who has done/acted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavant

kṛtavant - one who has done, having done

Past Active Participle

root kṛ, past active participle, declined as masculine singular nominative

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, make).

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O King, protector of the earth

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - protector of the earth, king, ruler

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, who?, whether, something

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him (in him, in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मुक्तलक्षणम् (muktalakṣaṇam) - the characteristic of a liberated one, sign of liberation

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of muktalakṣaṇa

muktalakṣaṇa - sign of a liberated person, characteristic of liberation

Compound type : tatpurusha (mukta+lakṣaṇa)

• mukta – liberated, freed, released
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root muc (to release/liberate)
  Root: muc (class 6)
• lakṣaṇa – mark, sign, characteristic, attribute
  noun (neuter)
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)