महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-308, verse-45

आधिपत्ये तथा तुल्ये निग्रहानुग्रहात्मनि ।
राजर्षिभिक्षुकाचार्या मुच्यन्ते केन हेतुना ॥४५॥

45. ādhipatye tathā tulye nigrahānugrahātmani ,
rājarṣibhikṣukācāryā mucyante kena hetunā.

45. ādhipatye tathā tulye nigrahānugrahātmani |
rājarṣibhikṣukācāryāḥ mucyante kena hetunā

45. tathā tulye nigrahānugrahātmani ādhipatye,
rājarṣibhikṣukācāryāḥ kena hetunā mucyante?

45. Similarly, when there is equal authority (ādhipatya) in the form of restraining and favouring (nigrahānugraha), by what reason are royal sages (rājarṣi), mendicants (bhikṣu), and teachers (ācārya) liberated (mokṣa)?

Words meanings summery:

• आधिपत्ये (ādhipatye) - in (exercising) authority (in sovereignty, in supremacy, in authority)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way (so, thus, similarly)

• तुल्ये (tulye) - when the authority is equal (to that of others being questioned) (in equality, when equal, equally)

• निग्रहानुग्रहात्मनि (nigrahānugrahātmani) - characterized by the power to control and grant favors (in the nature of restraining and favouring, in the essence of punishment and grace)

• राजर्षिभिक्षुकाचार्याः (rājarṣibhikṣukācāryāḥ) - the collective group of royal sages, mendicants, and spiritual teachers (royal sages, mendicants, and teachers)

• मुच्यन्ते (mucyante) - are liberated (from the cycle of saṃsāra) (are liberated, are freed)

• केन (kena) - by what (particular) (by what, by which)

• हेतुना (hetunā) - by what reason or underlying principle (by reason, by cause, by motive)

Words meanings and morphology

आधिपत्ये (ādhipatye) - in (exercising) authority (in sovereignty, in supremacy, in authority)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ādhipatya

ādhipatya - sovereignty, supremacy, dominion, authority

Derived from adhipati (lord, master) + ya suffix.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way (so, thus, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Links to a previous argument or general principle.

तुल्ये (tulye) - when the authority is equal (to that of others being questioned) (in equality, when equal, equally)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of tulya

tulya - equal, similar, alike

From root tul (to weigh)

Root: tul (class 10)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

निग्रहानुग्रहात्मनि (nigrahānugrahātmani) - characterized by the power to control and grant favors (in the nature of restraining and favouring, in the essence of punishment and grace)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nigrahānugrahātman

nigrahānugrahātman - having the nature of restraint and favour, characterized by punishment and grace

Bahuvrīhi compound: nigraha (restraint) + anugraha (favour) + ātman (self/nature). The one whose nature is restraint and favour.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nigraha+anugraha+ātman)

• nigraha – restraint, suppression, punishment, control
  noun (masculine)
  From ni + root grah
  Prefix: ni
  Root: grah (class 9)
• anugraha – favour, grace, kindness, conferring benefits
  noun (masculine)
  From anu + root grah
  Prefix: anu
  Root: grah (class 9)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: at (class 1)

Note: Describes the nature of the ādhipatya.

राजर्षिभिक्षुकाचार्याः (rājarṣibhikṣukācāryāḥ) - the collective group of royal sages, mendicants, and spiritual teachers (royal sages, mendicants, and teachers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājarṣibhikṣukācārya

rājarṣibhikṣukācārya - royal sages, mendicants, and teachers (collectively)

Dvandva compound listing three types of individuals.

Compound type : dvandva (rājarṣi+bhikṣu+ācārya)

• rājarṣi – royal sage, a king who is also a sage
  noun (masculine)
  Karmadhāraya compound: rājan (king) + ṛṣi (sage).
• bhikṣu – mendicant, beggar, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhikṣ (to beg)
  Root: bhikṣ (class 1)
• ācārya – teacher, preceptor, master
  noun (masculine)
  From ā + root car (to move, conduct) + ya suffix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of mucyante.

मुच्यन्ते (mucyante) - are liberated (from the cycle of saṃsāra) (are liberated, are freed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of muc

present indicative passive 3rd plural

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

केन (kena) - by what (particular) (by what, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who (interrogative pronoun)

हेतुना (hetunā) - by what reason or underlying principle (by reason, by cause, by motive)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument

From root hi (to send, incite)

Root: hi

Note: Forms the interrogative "by what reason?".