महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-308, verse-29

वैराग्यं पुनरेतस्य मोक्षस्य परमो विधिः ।
ज्ञानादेव च वैराग्यं जायते येन मुच्यते ॥२९॥

29. vairāgyaṁ punaretasya mokṣasya paramo vidhiḥ ,
jñānādeva ca vairāgyaṁ jāyate yena mucyate.

29. vairāgyam punaḥ etasya mokṣasya paramaḥ vidhiḥ
jñānāt eva ca vairāgyam jāyate yena mucyate

29. punaḥ vairāgyam etasya mokṣasya paramaḥ vidhiḥ
ca jñānāt eva vairāgyam jāyate yena mucyate

29. Furthermore, dispassion (vairāgya) is the supreme method for achieving this liberation (mokṣa). And it is solely from true knowledge that dispassion arises, by which one is ultimately liberated.

Words meanings summery:

• वैराग्यम् (vairāgyam) - dispassion (vairāgya) (dispassion, detachment, indifference)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - furthermore (again, moreover, but, on the other hand)

• एतस्य (etasya) - of this

• मोक्षस्य (mokṣasya) - for achieving this liberation (mokṣa) (of liberation, of release)

• परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)

• विधिः (vidhiḥ) - method (rule, method, injunction, destiny)

• ज्ञानात् (jñānāt) - from true knowledge (from knowledge)

• एव (eva) - solely (only, just, indeed)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• वैराग्यम् (vairāgyam) - dispassion (dispassion, detachment)

• जायते (jāyate) - arises (is born, arises, happens)

• येन (yena) - by which (dispassion) (by which, by whom)

• मुच्यते (mucyate) - one is liberated (is liberated, is released)

Words meanings and morphology

वैराग्यम् (vairāgyam) - dispassion (vairāgya) (dispassion, detachment, indifference)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vairāgya

vairāgya - dispassion, detachment, indifference, freedom from worldly desires

From virāga (without passion) + suffix ṣyañ.

Note: Subject of the first clause.

पुनः (punaḥ) - furthermore (again, moreover, but, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Introduces an additional point.

एतस्य (etasya) - of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to the mentioned mokṣa.

मोक्षस्य (mokṣasya) - for achieving this liberation (mokṣa) (of liberation, of release)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, emancipation, freedom, release

From root muc (to release).

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Specifies whose 'supreme means' is being discussed.

परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, ultimate, excellent

Note: Modifies vidhiḥ.

विधिः (vidhiḥ) - method (rule, method, injunction, destiny)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, ordinance, injunction, fate, creator

From vi + dhā (to place, arrange).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicate nominative, linked to vairāgyam by implied 'is'.

ज्ञानात् (jñānāt) - from true knowledge (from knowledge)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, cognition

From root jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Source from which vairāgyam arises.

एव (eva) - solely (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes jñānāt.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two ideas.

वैराग्यम् (vairāgyam) - dispassion (dispassion, detachment)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vairāgya

vairāgya - dispassion, detachment, indifference, freedom from worldly desires

From virāga (without passion) + suffix ṣyañ.

Note: Subject of jāyate.

जायते (jāyate) - arises (is born, arises, happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Present Indicative

Third person singular, present tense, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: jan (class 4)

येन (yena) - by which (dispassion) (by which, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Refers to vairāgyam.

मुच्यते (mucyate) - one is liberated (is liberated, is released)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of muc

Present Indicative (Passive)

Third person singular, present tense, passive voice.

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Impersonal passive, or 'one' as implied subject.