वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-1, verse-62

पतत्पतंगसंकाशो व्यायतः शुशुभे कपिः ।
प्रवृद्ध इव मातंगः कक्ष्यया बध्यमानया ॥६२॥

62. patatpataṃgasaṃkāśo vyāyataḥ śuśubhe kapiḥ ,
pravṛddha iva mātaṃgaḥ kakṣyayā badhyamānayā.

62. patatpataṅgasaṃkāśaḥ vyāyataḥ śuśubhe kapiḥ
pravṛddhaḥ iva mātaṅgaḥ kakṣyayā badhyamānayā

62. patatpataṅgasaṃkāśaḥ vyāyataḥ kapiḥ śuśubhe
badhyamānayā kakṣyayā pravṛddhaḥ mātaṅgaḥ iva

62. The stretched-out monkey (Hanuman), resembling a falling bird, shone splendidly, like an elephant grown massive and being held by a tightening girth.

Words meanings summery:

• पतत्पतङ्गसंकाशः (patatpataṅgasaṁkāśaḥ) - resembling a falling bird

• व्यायतः (vyāyataḥ) - stretched out, extended, expanded

• शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - shone, appeared splendid/beautiful

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - the monkey (Hanuman) (the monkey)

• प्रवृद्धः (pravṛddhaḥ) - grown, increased, massive

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• मातङ्गः (mātaṅgaḥ) - an elephant

• कक्ष्यया (kakṣyayā) - by a girth (used to bind an elephant) (by a girth, by a band, by a strap)

• बध्यमानया (badhyamānayā) - by that which is being bound/tightened

Words meanings and morphology

पतत्पतङ्गसंकाशः (patatpataṅgasaṁkāśaḥ) - resembling a falling bird

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patatpataṅgasaṃkāśa

patatpataṅgasaṁkāśa - resembling a falling bird, appearing like a descending bird

Compound type : bahuvrihi (patat+pataṅga+saṃkāśa)

• patat – falling, flying, descending
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root pat (पत्) with Śatṛ suffix
  Root: pat (class 1)
• pataṅga – bird, moth, grasshopper
  noun (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – resembling, similar to, like
  adjective
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

व्यायतः (vyāyataḥ) - stretched out, extended, expanded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāyata

vyāyata - stretched out, extended, vast, long

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yam (यम्) with prefixes vi and ā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kapiḥ'.

शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - shone, appeared splendid/beautiful

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of śubh

Root: śubh (class 1)

कपिः (kapiḥ) - the monkey (Hanuman) (the monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

प्रवृद्धः (pravṛddhaḥ) - grown, increased, massive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛddha

pravṛddha - grown, increased, massive, highly developed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛdh (वृध्) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mātaṅgaḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

मातङ्गः (mātaṅgaḥ) - an elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mātaṅga

mātaṅga - elephant, a particular low caste

कक्ष्यया (kakṣyayā) - by a girth (used to bind an elephant) (by a girth, by a band, by a strap)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kakṣyā

kakṣyā - girth, belt, rope, band, armpit

बध्यमानया (badhyamānayā) - by that which is being bound/tightened

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of badhyamāna

badhyamāna - being bound, being tied, being fastened

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root bandh (बन्ध्) in passive voice with Śānac suffix

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'kakṣyayā'.