वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-1, verse-178

तां हतां वानरेणाशु पतितां वीक्ष्य सिंहिकाम् ।
भूतान्याकाशचारीणि तमूचुः प्लवगर्षभम् ॥१७८॥

178. tāṃ hatāṃ vānareṇāśu patitāṃ vīkṣya siṃhikām ,
bhūtānyākāśacārīṇi tamūcuḥ plavagarṣabham.

178. ताम् हताम् वानरेण आशु पतिताम् वीक्ष्य सिंहिकाम्
भूतानि आकाशचारीणि तम् ऊचुः प्लवगर्षभम्

178. आकाशचारीणि भूतानि वानरेण आशु हताम् पतिताम्
ताम् सिंहिकाम् वीक्ष्य तम् प्लवगर्षभम् ऊचुः

178. Having quickly seen Simhika, who had been killed and fallen by the monkey, the sky-dwelling beings spoke to that best of monkeys.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (ताम्) - that (Simhika) (her, that)

• हताम् (हताम्) - killed (by the monkey) (killed, struck, destroyed)

• वानरेण (वानरेण) - by the monkey (Hanuman) (by the monkey)

• आशु (आशु) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• पतिताम् (पतिताम्) - fallen (dead) (fallen, descended)

• वीक्ष्य (वीक्ष्य) - having seen (having seen, observing)

• सिंहिकाम् (सिंहिकाम्) - Simhika (Simhika (a female demoness))

• भूतानि (भूतानि) - the beings (beings, creatures, elements)

• आकाशचारीणि (आकाशचारीणि) - sky-dwelling (sky-dwelling, moving in the sky)

• तम् (तम्) - to him (Hanuman) (to him, that)

• ऊचुः (ऊचुः) - they (the beings) spoke (they said, they spoke)

• प्लवगर्षभम् (प्लवगर्षभम्) - to that best of monkeys (Hanuman) (to the best of monkeys, to the foremost monkey)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (ताम्) - that (Simhika) (her, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Siṃhikām

हताम् (हताम्) - killed (by the monkey) (killed, struck, destroyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Siṃhikām

वानरेण (वानरेण) - by the monkey (Hanuman) (by the monkey)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Agent of 'killed' and 'fallen'

आशु (आशु) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

पतिताम् (पतिताम्) - fallen (dead) (fallen, descended)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Siṃhikām

वीक्ष्य (वीक्ष्य) - having seen (having seen, observing)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed from root īkṣ (to see) with prefix vi (apart, thoroughly)

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

सिंहिकाम् (सिंहिकाम्) - Simhika (Simhika (a female demoness))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siṃhikā

siṁhikā - Simhika (a mythical female demon, mother of Rahu and Ketu, known for seizing shadows)

Note: Object of vīkṣya

भूतानि (भूतानि) - the beings (beings, creatures, elements)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle

From root bhū (to be, exist)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of ūcuḥ

आकाशचारीणि (आकाशचारीणि) - sky-dwelling (sky-dwelling, moving in the sky)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ākāśacārin

ākāśacārin - moving in the sky, sky-dweller

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ākāśa+cārin)

• ākāśa – sky, ether, space
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kāś (class 1)
• cārin – moving, wandering, going
  adjective
  From root car (to move)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies bhūtāni

तम् (तम्) - to him (Hanuman) (to him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to plavagarṣabham

ऊचुः (ऊचुः) - they (the beings) spoke (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

प्लवगर्षभम् (प्लवगर्षभम्) - to that best of monkeys (Hanuman) (to the best of monkeys, to the foremost monkey)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of plavagarṣabha

plavagarṣabha - best of monkeys, excellent monkey

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (plavaga+ṛṣabha)

• plavaga – monkey (lit. 'going by jumping')
  noun (masculine)
  From plu (to jump) + ga (going)
  Root: plu (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of ūcuḥ