वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-1, verse-100

कृते च प्रतिकर्तव्यमेष धर्मः सनातनः ।
सो ऽयं तत् प्रतिकारार्थी त्वत्तः संमानमर्हति ॥१००॥

100. kṛte ca pratikartavyameṣa dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ,
so'yaṃ tat pratikārārthī tvattaḥ saṃmānamarhati.

100. kṛte ca pratikartavyam eṣaḥ dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ saḥ
ayam tat pratikārārthī tvattaḥ sammānam arhati

100. kṛte ca pratikartavyam eṣaḥ sanātanaḥ dharmaḥ saḥ
ayam pratikārārthī tat tvattaḥ sammānam arhati

100. Indeed, it is a duty to return a favor for what has been done; this is the eternal natural law (dharma). This very (ocean), desiring that reciprocal action, deserves respect from you.

Words meanings summery:

• कृते (kṛte) - in what has been done, regarding the deed

• च (ca) - and, also, indeed

• प्रतिकर्तव्यम् (pratikartavyam) - what should be done in return, a reciprocal action

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, perpetual, everlasting

• सः (saḥ) - that ocean (that (masculine), he)

• अयम् (ayam) - this ocean (this (masculine))

• तत् (tat) - that reciprocal action (that, for that)

• प्रतिकारार्थी (pratikārārthī) - desiring a return/repayment

• त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you (Hanumān) (from you)

• सम्मानम् (sammānam) - honor, respect

• अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of

Words meanings and morphology

कृते (kṛte) - in what has been done, regarding the deed

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, completed, a deed

Past Passive Participle

from root `kṛ` (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and, also, indeed

(indeclinable)

प्रतिकर्तव्यम् (pratikartavyam) - what should be done in return, a reciprocal action

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratikartavya

pratikartavya - to be done in return, fit to be returned

Gerundive (Kartavya)

from `prati` + root `kṛ` (to do, make)

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: It is implied by context that this refers to an action.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to `dharmaḥ`.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, justice, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution

from root `dhṛ` (to uphold, sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, perpetual, everlasting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, everlasting, ancient

derived from `sanā` (always)

Note: Qualifies `dharmaḥ`.

सः (saḥ) - that ocean (that (masculine), he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `sāgaraḥ`.

अयम् (ayam) - this ocean (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to `sāgaraḥ`, emphasizing 'this one' (the present ocean). Often `so 'yam` is used for emphasis.

तत् (tat) - that reciprocal action (that, for that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to `pratikartavyam`.

प्रतिकारार्थी (pratikārārthī) - desiring a return/repayment

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratikārārthin

pratikārārthin - desiring retaliation or requital

compound `pratikāra` (return, requital) + `arthin` (desiring)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pratikāra+arthin)

• pratikāra – return, requital, retaliation
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: prati
• arthin – desiring, asking for, seeking
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from artha (purpose, object)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ ayam` (the ocean).

त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you (Hanumān) (from you)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yusmad

yusmad - you

Note: Refers to Hanumān.

सम्मानम् (sammānam) - honor, respect

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sammāna

sammāna - honor, respect, reverence

from `sam` + root `mā` (to measure, honor)

Prefix: sam

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Object of `arhati`.

अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Active

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Subject is `saḥ ayam` (the ocean).