वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-1, verse-170

तिर्यगूर्ध्वमधश्चैव वीक्षमाणस्ततः कपिः ।
ददर्श स महासत्त्वमुत्थितं लवणाम्भसि ॥१७०॥

170. tiryagūrdhvamadhaścaiva vīkṣamāṇastataḥ kapiḥ ,
dadarśa sa mahāsattvamutthitaṃ lavaṇāmbhasi.

170. tiryak ūrdhvam adhaḥ ca eva vīkṣamāṇaḥ tataḥ kapiḥ
dadarśa saḥ mahāsattvam utthitam lavaṇāmbhasi

170. tataḥ saḥ kapiḥ tiryak ūrdhvam adhaḥ ca eva
vīkṣamāṇaḥ lavaṇāmbhasi utthitam mahāsattvam dadarśa

170. Then the monkey, looking sideways, upwards, and downwards, saw that great creature (sattvam) risen up in the salty ocean (lavaṇāmbhasi).

Words meanings summery:

• तिर्यग् (tiryag) - sideways, horizontally, obliquely

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, aloft

• अधः (adhaḥ) - downwards, below, underneath

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• वीक्षमाणः (vīkṣamāṇaḥ) - looking, seeing, observing

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - Hanuman (monkey, ape)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

• सः (saḥ) - the monkey, Hanuman (he, that)

• महासत्त्वम् (mahāsattvam) - Simhikā, the monster (the great creature, mighty being)

• उत्थितम् (utthitam) - risen, standing up, emerged

• लवणाम्भसि (lavaṇāmbhasi) - in the salty water, in the ocean

Words meanings and morphology

तिर्यग् (tiryag) - sideways, horizontally, obliquely

(indeclinable)

adverbial use of tiryac (oblique)

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, aloft

(indeclinable)

adverbial use of ūrdhva (up)

अधः (adhaḥ) - downwards, below, underneath

(indeclinable)

from adhas, adverbial

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

वीक्षमाणः (vīkṣamāṇaḥ) - looking, seeing, observing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīkṣamāṇa

vīkṣamāṇa - looking, seeing, observing

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

from root īkṣ (to see) with prefix vi, present participle, masculine nominative singular

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

adverbial form from pronoun tad

कपिः (kapiḥ) - Hanuman (monkey, ape)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

masculine nominative singular

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

perfect tense

root dṛś, third person singular perfect tense, active voice (reduplicated form)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - the monkey, Hanuman (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

masculine nominative singular form of tad

महासत्त्वम् (mahāsattvam) - Simhikā, the monster (the great creature, mighty being)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahāsattva

mahāsattva - great creature, mighty being, a great person

neuter accusative singular

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+sattva)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• sattva – being, creature, essence, strength, existence, goodness
  noun (neuter)

उत्थितम् (utthitam) - risen, standing up, emerged

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of utthita

utthita - risen, stood up, emerged, awake

Past Passive Participle

from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ud, neuter accusative singular

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mahāsattvam'

लवणाम्भसि (lavaṇāmbhasi) - in the salty water, in the ocean

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of lavaṇāmbhas

lavaṇāmbhas - salty water, ocean

neuter locative singular

Compound type : karmadhāraya (lavaṇa+ambhas)

• lavaṇa – salty, salt
  adjective (masculine)
• ambhas – water
  noun (neuter)