वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-1, verse-120

अथोर्ध्वं दूरमुत्पत्य हित्वा शैलमहार्णवौ ।
पितुः पन्थानमास्थाय जगाम विमले ऽम्बरे ॥१२०॥

120. athordhvaṃ dūramutpatya hitvā śailamahārṇavau ,
pituḥ panthānamāsthāya jagāma vimale'mbare.

120. atha ūrdhvam dūram utpatya hitvā śaila-mahārṇavau
pituḥ panthānam āsthāya jagāma vimale ambare

120. atha śaila-mahārṇavau hitvā ūrdhvam dūram utpatya
pituḥ panthānam āsthāya vimale ambare jagāma

120. Then, leaping far upwards, having left behind the mountain and the great ocean, he took up his father's path and traveled in the clear sky.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, high

• दूरम् (dūram) - far, distant

• उत्पत्य (utpatya) - having flown up, having sprung up

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having left, having abandoned

• शैल-महार्णवौ (śaila-mahārṇavau) - mountain and great ocean (dual)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Vayu) (of the father)

• पन्थानम् (panthānam) - path, road

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken up, having resorted to

• जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he traveled

• विमले (vimale) - in the spotless, in the pure

• अम्बरे (ambare) - in the sky, in the atmosphere

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction or particle denoting sequence.

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, high

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of adjective used as an adverb.

दूरम् (dūram) - far, distant

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of adjective used as an adverb.

उत्पत्य (utpatya) - having flown up, having sprung up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From 'ut' (prefix) + root 'pat' (to fall, fly) + suffix '-ya' (for absolutive with prefix)

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb.

हित्वा (hitvā) - having left, having abandoned

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root 'hā' (to abandon, leave) + suffix '-tvā'

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb.

शैल-महार्णवौ (śaila-mahārṇavau) - mountain and great ocean (dual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of śaila-mahārṇava

śaila-mahārṇava - mountain and great ocean

Compound type : dvandva (śaila+mahārṇava)

• śaila – mountain, rock
  noun (masculine)
• mahārṇava – great ocean
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'hitvā'.

पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Vayu) (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Refers to Vayu, the father of Hanumān.

पन्थानम् (panthānam) - path, road

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

Note: Object of 'āsthāya'.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken up, having resorted to

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From 'ā' (prefix) + root 'sthā' (to stand) + suffix '-ya' (for absolutive with prefix)

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb.

जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he traveled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of gam

perfect tense

Root 'gam' (to go), 3rd person singular perfect active

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

विमले (vimale) - in the spotless, in the pure

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vimala

vimala - spotless, pure, clean, stainless

Prefix: vi

Root: mal

Note: Qualifies 'ambare'.

अम्बरे (ambare) - in the sky, in the atmosphere

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ambara

ambara - sky, atmosphere, garment

Note: Location of travel.