वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-1, verse-144

इत्युक्त्वा सुरसां क्रुद्धो दशयोजनमायतः ।
दशयोजनविस्तारो बभूव हनुमांस्तदा ॥१४४॥

144. ityuktvā surasāṃ kruddho daśayojanamāyataḥ ,
daśayojanavistāro babhūva hanumāṃstadā.

144. iti uktvā surasām kruddhaḥ daśayojanam āyataḥ
daśayojanavistāraḥ babhūva hanumān tadā

144. iti uktvā surasām,
kruddhaḥ hanumān tadā daśayojanam āyataḥ daśayojanavistāraḥ babhūva

144. Having thus spoken to Surasā, the enraged Hanumān then became ten yojanas in length and ten yojanas in width.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (marks direct speech)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• सुरसाम् (surasām) - to Surasā

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• दशयोजनम् (daśayojanam) - ten yojanas (a measure of distance)

• आयतः (āyataḥ) - extended, stretched, long

• दशयोजनविस्तारः (daśayojanavistāraḥ) - ten yojanas in width/expanse

• बभूव (babhūva) - he became, happened

• हनुमान् (hanumān) - Hanumān

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (marks direct speech)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ktvā

Root: vac (class 2)

सुरसाम् (surasām) - to Surasā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of surasā

surasā - Surasā (name of a female demoness)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

दशयोजनम् (daśayojanam) - ten yojanas (a measure of distance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daśayojana

daśayojana - ten yojanas

Compound type : dvigu (daśa+yojana)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• yojana – league, a measure of distance (approx. 8-15 km)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate extent.

आयतः (āyataḥ) - extended, stretched, long

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āyata

āyata - long, extended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yam with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

दशयोजनविस्तारः (daśayojanavistāraḥ) - ten yojanas in width/expanse

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśayojanavistāra

daśayojanavistāra - ten yojanas in width

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśayojana+vistāra)

• daśayojana – ten yojanas
  noun (neuter)
• vistāra – expanse, width, extent
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: stṛ (class 10)

बभूव (babhūva) - he became, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect active 3rd singular

Perfect tense, from root bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

हनुमान् (hanumān) - Hanumān

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanumat

hanumat - Hanumān (name of a monkey-god)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)