वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-1, verse-34

मार्गमालोकयन्दूरादूर्ध्वप्रणिहितेक्षणः ।
रुरोध हृदये प्राणानाकाशमवलोकयन् ॥३४॥

34. mārgamālokayandūrādūrdhvapraṇihitekṣaṇaḥ ,
rurodha hṛdaye prāṇānākāśamavalokayan.

34. mārgam ālokayan dūrāt ūrdhvapraṇihitekṣaṇaḥ
rurodha hṛdaye prāṇān ākāśam avalokayan

34. dūrāt mārgam ālokayan ūrdhvapraṇihitekṣaṇaḥ
ākāśam avalokayan prāṇān hṛdaye rurodha

34. Gazing at the path from afar, with his eyes fixed upwards and observing the sky, he held his vital breaths (prāṇa) within his heart.

Words meanings summery:

• मार्गम् (mārgam) - the path (of his leap) (path, way, road)

• आलोकयन् (ālokayan) - gazing at (looking at, observing, perceiving)

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

• ऊर्ध्वप्रणिहितेक्षणः (ūrdhvapraṇihitekṣaṇaḥ) - with upward-fixed gaze, whose eyes are fixed upwards

• रुरोध (rurodha) - he held (his breath) (he restrained, he blocked, he held back)

• हृदये (hṛdaye) - in the heart, in the mind

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - vital breaths (prāṇa) (vital airs, breaths, life-force)

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky, space, ether

• अवलोकयन् (avalokayan) - observing (the sky) (looking down, looking at, observing)

Words meanings and morphology

मार्गम् (mārgam) - the path (of his leap) (path, way, road)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, way, road, quest

a-stem masculine noun

Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Object of ālokayan

आलोकयन् (ālokayan) - gazing at (looking at, observing, perceiving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ālokayat

lok - to look at, to observe, to perceive

Present Active Participle

From √lok (to see, perceive) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (Hanuman)

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

(indeclinable)

Adverbial ablative (or formed with -tasi suffix for 'from')

Note: Acts adverbially with ālokayan

ऊर्ध्वप्रणिहितेक्षणः (ūrdhvapraṇihitekṣaṇaḥ) - with upward-fixed gaze, whose eyes are fixed upwards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ūrdhvapraṇihitekṣaṇa

ūrdhvapraṇihitekṣaṇa - with upward-fixed gaze

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'whose gaze (īkṣaṇa) is fixed (praṇihita) upwards (ūrdhva)'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ūrdhva+praṇihita+īkṣaṇa)

• ūrdhva – upward, raised, elevated
  adjective
• praṇihita – fixed, placed, directed, applied
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā (to place, put) with prefixes pra- and ni-
  Prefixes: pra+ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• īkṣaṇa – seeing, looking, eye
  noun (neuter)
  From √īkṣ (to see)
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

रुरोध (rurodha) - he held (his breath) (he restrained, he blocked, he held back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of rudh

Perfect Active 3rd singular

Reduplicated perfect (liṭ) form of √rudh

Root: rudh (class 7)

हृदये (hṛdaye) - in the heart, in the mind

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, essence

a-stem neuter noun

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - vital breaths (prāṇa) (vital airs, breaths, life-force)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life-force, spirit

a-stem masculine noun

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of rurodha

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky, space, ether

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether (one of the five elements)

a-stem masculine/neuter noun

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Object of avalokayan

अवलोकयन् (avalokayan) - observing (the sky) (looking down, looking at, observing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avalokayat

lok - to look down, to look at, to observe

Present Active Participle

From √lok (to see, perceive) with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (Hanuman)