वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-1, verse-3

द्विजान् वित्रासयन्धीमानुरसा पादपान् हरन् ।
मृगांश्च सुबहून्निघ्नन्प्रवृद्ध इव केसरी ॥३॥

3. dvijān vitrāsayandhīmānurasā pādapān haran ,
mṛgāṃśca subahūnnighnanpravṛddha iva kesarī.

3. dvijān vitrāsayan dhīmān urasā pādapān haran
mṛgān ca subahūn nighnan pravṛddhaḥ iva kesarī

3. Terrifying the birds, the intelligent one, uprooting trees with his chest, and striking down very many wild animals, appeared like a mighty lion.

Words meanings summery:

• द्विजान् (dvijān) - birds (birds, Brahmins, twice-born)

• वित्रासयन् (vitrāsayan) - terrifying (terrifying, frightening, scaring)

• धीमान् (dhīmān) - intelligent (intelligent, wise, discerning)

• उरसा (urasā) - with his chest (by the chest, with the chest)

• पादपान् (pādapān) - trees (trees, plants)

• हरन् (haran) - uprooting, destroying (taking away, removing, carrying, destroying)

• मृगान् (mṛgān) - wild animals (deer, wild animals, beasts)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many (very many, numerous)

• निघ्नन् (nighnan) - striking down (striking down, killing, destroying)

• प्रवृद्धः (pravṛddhaḥ) - mighty (grown, mighty, powerful, increased)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• केसरी (kesarī) - lion

Words meanings and morphology

द्विजान् (dvijān) - birds (birds, Brahmins, twice-born)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth

Derived from dvi (twice) + jan (to be born).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+janman)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
• janman – birth, origin
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)

वित्रासयन् (vitrāsayan) - terrifying (terrifying, frightening, scaring)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vitrāsayan

vitrās - to terrify, to frighten

Present Active Participle

Present stem vitrāsaya- + śatṛ suffix. Causal of tras (to tremble).

Prefix: vi

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Acting as an adjective describing the implied subject.

धीमान् (dhīmān) - intelligent (intelligent, wise, discerning)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, sagacious, thoughtful

From dhī (intellect) + matup suffix.

Note: Qualifies the implied subject.

उरसा (urasā) - with his chest (by the chest, with the chest)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast, bosom

पादपान् (pādapān) - trees (trees, plants)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pādapa

pādapa - tree, plant

From pāda (foot) + pa (drinking). One that drinks with its feet (roots).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root, ray
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinking, guarding, protecting
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root pā (to drink).
  Root: pā (class 1)

हरन् (haran) - uprooting, destroying (taking away, removing, carrying, destroying)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haran

hṛ - to take, to carry, to seize, to destroy

Present Active Participle

Present stem hara- + śatṛ suffix.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Acting as an adjective describing the implied subject.

मृगान् (mṛgān) - wild animals (deer, wild animals, beasts)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, game

Root: mṛj (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many (very many, numerous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of subahu

subahu - very much, very many, numerous

su (good, very) + bahu (much, many).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+bahu)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence or intensity.
• bahu – much, many, abundant
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies mṛgān.

निघ्नन् (nighnan) - striking down (striking down, killing, destroying)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nighnan

ni-han - to strike down, to kill, to destroy

Present Active Participle

Present stem nighna- + śatṛ suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Acting as an adjective describing the implied subject.

प्रवृद्धः (pravṛddhaḥ) - mighty (grown, mighty, powerful, increased)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛddha

pravṛddha - grown, developed, mighty, powerful, abundant

Past Passive Participle

From pra (forth) + vṛdh (to grow). P.P.P. form.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies kesarī.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

केसरी (kesarī) - lion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kesarin

kesarin - lion (having a mane, kesara)

From kesara (mane) + in (possessive suffix).