वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-1, verse-48

विमुक्तास्तस्य वेगेन मुक्त्वा पुष्पाणि ते द्रुमाः ।
अवशीर्यन्त सलिले निवृत्ताः सुहृदो यथा ॥४८॥

48. vimuktāstasya vegena muktvā puṣpāṇi te drumāḥ ,
avaśīryanta salile nivṛttāḥ suhṛdo yathā.

48. vimuktāḥ tasya vegena muktvā puṣpāṇi te drumāḥ
avaśīryanta salile nivṛttāḥ suhṛdaḥ yathā

48. tasya vegena vimuktāḥ te drumāḥ puṣpāṇi muktvā
salile avaśīryanta yathā nivṛttāḥ suhṛdaḥ

48. Those trees, dislodged by his force, having shed their flowers, scattered into the water, just as friends withdraw.

Words meanings summery:

• विमुक्ताः (vimuktāḥ) - dislodged (released, freed, dislodged)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Hanuman) (his, its, of that)

• वेगेन (vegena) - by his force (by speed, by force, swiftly)

• मुक्त्वा (muktvā) - having shed (having released, having left, having abandoned)

• पुष्पाणि (puṣpāṇi) - flowers

• ते (te) - those (those, they)

• द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

• अवशीर्यन्त (avaśīryanta) - scattered (fell down, scattered, crumbled)

• सलिले (salile) - into the water (in the water)

• निवृत्ताः (nivṛttāḥ) - withdraw (returned, turned back, withdrawn, ceased)

• सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends (friends, well-wishers)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which manner)

Words meanings and morphology

विमुक्ताः (vimuktāḥ) - dislodged (released, freed, dislodged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vimukta

vimukta - released, freed, dislodged, discharged

Past Passive Participle

from root muc with vi

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'drumāḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Hanuman) (his, its, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

वेगेन (vegena) - by his force (by speed, by force, swiftly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impetuosity

Note: Describes how the trees were dislodged.

मुक्त्वा (muktvā) - having shed (having released, having left, having abandoned)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

root muc + -tvā suffix

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Indicates a preceding action by the subject (trees).

पुष्पाणि (puṣpāṇi) - flowers

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of puṣpa

puṣpa - flower, blossom

Note: Object of 'muktvā'.

ते (te) - those (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the trees.

द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अवशीर्यन्त (avaśīryanta) - scattered (fell down, scattered, crumbled)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (Laṅ) of śīr

Imperfect 3rd person plural Ātmanepada

root śīr with ava, passive/intransitive sense

Prefix: ava

Root: śīr (class 9)

Note: The verb indicates an action that happened to the trees.

सलिले (salile) - into the water (in the water)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of salila

salila - water

Note: Location where the trees scattered.

निवृत्ताः (nivṛttāḥ) - withdraw (returned, turned back, withdrawn, ceased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - returned, turned back, ceased, withdrawn, retired

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛt with ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'suhṛdaḥ'.

सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends (friends, well-wishers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, good-hearted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)

Note: Compared to the trees.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.