मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-98
अत ऊर्ध्वं तु छन्दांसि शुक्लेषु नियतः पठेत ।
वेदाङ्गानि च सर्वाणि कृष्णपक्षेषु संपठेत ॥९८॥
वेदाङ्गानि च सर्वाणि कृष्णपक्षेषु संपठेत ॥९८॥
98. ata ūrdhvaṁ tu chandāṁsi śukleṣu niyataḥ paṭhet ,
vedāṅgāni ca sarvāṇi kṛṣṇapakṣeṣu saṁpaṭhet.
vedāṅgāni ca sarvāṇi kṛṣṇapakṣeṣu saṁpaṭhet.
98.
ata ūrdhvaṁ tu chandāṁsi śukleṣu niyataḥ paṭhet
vedāṅgāni ca sarvāṇi kṛṣṇa pakṣeṣu saṁpaṭhet
vedāṅgāni ca sarvāṇi kṛṣṇa pakṣeṣu saṁpaṭhet
98.
After this, one should regularly recite the Vedic chants (chanda) during the bright fortnights (śukla), and recite all the Vedāṅgas (auxiliary Vedic sciences) during the dark fortnights (kṛṣṇa).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अतः (ataḥ) - after this period of abstention (from this, hence)
- ऊर्ध्वं (ūrdhvaṁ) - afterwards, subsequently (up, above, afterwards)
- तु (tu) - but, however
- छन्दांसि (chandāṁsi) - Vedic hymns and verses (Vedic chants)
- शुक्लेषु (śukleṣu) - during the waxing moon phases (in the bright (fortnights))
- नियतः (niyataḥ) - with regularity (regularly, constantly)
- पठेत् (paṭhet) - should study, should recite (should read, should recite)
- वेदाङ्गानि (vedāṅgāni) - auxiliary Vedic sciences (limbs of the Vedas)
- च (ca) - and
- सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all
- कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - the dark fortnight of the lunar month (black, dark)
- पक्षेषु (pakṣeṣu) - during the dark fortnights (in the halves (of the month))
- संपठेत् (saṁpaṭhet) - should study thoroughly (should recite thoroughly)
Words meanings and morphology
अतः (ataḥ) - after this period of abstention (from this, hence)
(indeclinable)
ऊर्ध्वं (ūrdhvaṁ) - afterwards, subsequently (up, above, afterwards)
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - but, however
(indeclinable)
छन्दांसि (chandāṁsi) - Vedic hymns and verses (Vedic chants)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of chandas
chandas - meter, verse, hymn, Vedic text, Vedic chant
Derived from the root 'chand' (to be pleased, to cover, to shine).
Root: chand (class 10)
शुक्लेषु (śukleṣu) - during the waxing moon phases (in the bright (fortnights))
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of śukla
śukla - bright, white, the bright half of a lunar month
Derived from the root 'śuc' (to shine, to be pure).
Root: śuc (class 1)
नियतः (niyataḥ) - with regularity (regularly, constantly)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata
niyata - fixed, regular, constant, controlled, determined
Past Passive Participle
From the root 'yam' (to hold, restrain) with prefix 'ni-' (down, in).
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1)
पठेत् (paṭhet) - should study, should recite (should read, should recite)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of paṭhet
Benedictiv/Optative
Optative mood, 3rd person singular, from the root 'paṭh' (to read, recite).
Root: paṭh
वेदाङ्गानि (vedāṅgāni) - auxiliary Vedic sciences (limbs of the Vedas)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of vedāṅga
vedāṅga - a limb or auxiliary part of the Veda; the six Vedāngas (phonetics, grammar, prosody, etymology, ritual, astronomy)
Compound of 'Veda' (knowledge) and 'aṅga' (limb, part).
Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+aṅga)
- veda – knowledge, sacred lore, the Vedas
noun (masculine)
Derived from the root 'vid' (to know).
Root: vid (class 2) - aṅga – limb, part, member, body
noun (neuter)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva
sarva - all, entire, whole
कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - the dark fortnight of the lunar month (black, dark)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa
kṛṣṇa - black, dark, the dark half of a lunar month
Derived from the root 'kṛṣ' (to plough, to draw).
Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
Note: Part of the compound 'kṛṣṇa pakṣeṣu'.
पक्षेषु (pakṣeṣu) - during the dark fortnights (in the halves (of the month))
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of pakṣa
pakṣa - side, wing, a half of a lunar month (fortnight)
Note: Agrees with 'kṛṣṇa' and indicates the dark fortnight.
संपठेत् (saṁpaṭhet) - should study thoroughly (should recite thoroughly)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of saṁpaṭhet
Benedictiv/Optative
From the root 'paṭh' (to read, recite) with the prefix 'sam-' (together, completely).
Prefix: sam
Root: paṭh