मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-100
यथोदितेन विधिना नित्यं छन्दस्कृतं पठेत ।
ब्रह्म छन्दस्कृतं चैव द्विजो युक्तो ह्यनापदि ॥१००॥
ब्रह्म छन्दस्कृतं चैव द्विजो युक्तो ह्यनापदि ॥१००॥
100. yathoditena vidhinā nityaṁ chandaskṛtaṁ paṭhet ,
brahma chandaskṛtaṁ caiva dvijo yukto hyanāpadi.
brahma chandaskṛtaṁ caiva dvijo yukto hyanāpadi.
100.
yathoditena vidhinā nityaṃ chandaskṛtaṃ paṭheta
brahma chandaskṛtaṃ ca eva dvijo yūkto hyanāpadi
brahma chandaskṛtaṃ ca eva dvijo yūkto hyanāpadi
100.
dvijo yathoditena vidhinā nityaṃ chandaskṛtaṃ
brahma chandaskṛtaṃ ca eva anāpadi yuktaḥ paṭheta
brahma chandaskṛtaṃ ca eva anāpadi yuktaḥ paṭheta
100.
The twice-born (dvija) should always study the Chandas (Vedic meter/scripture) according to the prescribed method, and the Veda (brahman) and Chandas as well, when not in distress.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यथोदितेन (yathoditena) - according to the prescribed method (according to what is said)
- विधिना (vidhinā) - by the method (by means of rule, by method)
- नित्यं (nityaṁ) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)
- छन्दस्कृतं (chandaskṛtaṁ) - the Chandas (Vedic meter/scripture) (that which is made of or related to Chandas)
- पठेत (paṭheta) - should study (should read, should study)
- ब्रह्म (brahma) - the Veda (brahman) (Veda, sacred knowledge, holy power)
- छन्दस्कृतं (chandaskṛtaṁ) - the Chandas (Vedic meter/scripture) (that which is made of or related to Chandas)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- एव (eva) - as well (indeed, even, also)
- द्विजो (dvijo) - The twice-born (dvija) (the twice-born)
- युक्तोः (yuktoḥ) - fit (joined, connected, endowed, fit)
- हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, truly, for)
- अनापदि (anāpadi) - when not in distress (in the absence of danger, when not in distress)
Words meanings and morphology
यथोदितेन (yathoditena) - according to the prescribed method (according to what is said)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of yathoditena
yathoditena - according to what is prescribed, as ordained
Past Passive Participle
Compound of `yathā` (as) + `udita` (said, prescribed, spoken). Instrumental singular.
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+udita)
- yathā – as, like, according to
indeclinable - udita – spoken, said, declared, prescribed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root `vad` (to speak) + prefix `ud` (up, forth).
Prefix: ud
Root: vad (class 2)
विधिना (vidhinā) - by the method (by means of rule, by method)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhinā
vidhinā - by rule, by law, by method, by means of
Instrumental singular of `vidhi` (rule, method, law, procedure).
Root: vid (class 1)
नित्यं (nityaṁ) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of nityaṃ
nityaṁ - always, constantly, perpetual, eternal
Derived from `ni` (down, in) + `tya` (from root `tyaj` to leave, meaning without leaving a trace of change, hence constant).
Prefix: ni
Root: tyaj (class 3)
Note: Adverbial use.
छन्दस्कृतं (chandaskṛtaṁ) - the Chandas (Vedic meter/scripture) (that which is made of or related to Chandas)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of chandaskṛtaṃ
chandaskṛtaṁ - related to Chandas, made of Chandas
Past Passive Participle
Compound of `chandas` (Vedic meter, scripture) + `kṛta` (made, formed). Accusative singular.
Compound type : tatpurusha (chandas+kṛta)
- chandas – meter, verse, Vedic hymn, Vedic scripture
noun (neuter)
Root: chand (class 10) - kṛta – made, done, formed, created
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root `kṛ` (to do, to make).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
पठेत (paṭheta) - should study (should read, should study)
(verb)
3rd person , middle, optative (liṅ) of paṭheta
Atmanepada Pres. Optative, 3rd Person Singular
Root `paṭh` (to read, to recite). Optative mood used for injunctions.
Root: paṭh (class 1)
ब्रह्म (brahma) - the Veda (brahman) (Veda, sacred knowledge, holy power)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of brahma
brahma - sacred knowledge, Veda, prayer, the absolute
छन्दस्कृतं (chandaskṛtaṁ) - the Chandas (Vedic meter/scripture) (that which is made of or related to Chandas)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of chandaskṛtaṃ
chandaskṛtaṁ - related to Chandas, made of Chandas
Past Passive Participle
Compound of `chandas` (Vedic meter, scripture) + `kṛta` (made, formed). Accusative singular.
Compound type : tatpurusha (chandas+kṛta)
- chandas – meter, verse, Vedic hymn, Vedic scripture
noun (neuter)
Root: chand (class 10) - kṛta – made, done, formed, created
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root `kṛ` (to do, to make).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - as well (indeed, even, also)
(indeclinable)
द्विजो (dvijo) - The twice-born (dvija) (the twice-born)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijo
dvijo - the twice-born, a person of the three higher varnas
Nominative singular of `dvija` (twice-born). Compound of `dvi` (two) + `ja` (born).
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
numeral - ja – born, produced
participle (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root `jan` (to be born, to produce).
Root: jan (class 4)
युक्तोः (yuktoḥ) - fit (joined, connected, endowed, fit)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yuktoḥ
yuktoḥ - joined, yoked, connected, endowed with, fit, proper
Past Passive Participle
From root `yuj` (to join, to unite, to yoke).
Root: yuj (class 4)
हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, truly, for)
(indeclinable)
अनापदि (anāpadi) - when not in distress (in the absence of danger, when not in distress)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of anāpadi
anāpadi - in the absence of danger, when not in adversity
Compound of `a-` (negation) + `āpadi` (in danger, in adversity, locative singular of `āpad`).
Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+āpadi)
- a – not, un-
prefix - āpadi – in danger, in adversity, in misfortune
noun (feminine)
Locative singular of `āpad` (calamity, misfortune, danger).
Prefix: ā
Root: pad (class 4)
Note: Adverbial use.