मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-164
परस्य दण्डं नोद्यच्छेत क्रुद्धो नैनं निपातयेत ।
अन्यत्र पुत्रात्शिष्याद वा शिष्ट्यर्थं ताडयेत तु तौ ॥१६४॥
अन्यत्र पुत्रात्शिष्याद वा शिष्ट्यर्थं ताडयेत तु तौ ॥१६४॥
164. parasya daṇḍaṁ nodyacchet kruddho nainaṁ nipātayet ,
anyatra putrātśiṣyād vā śiṣṭyarthaṁ tāḍayet tu tau.
anyatra putrātśiṣyād vā śiṣṭyarthaṁ tāḍayet tu tau.
164.
parasya daṇḍaṃ nod ucceta kruddho nainam nipātayet |
anyatra putrāt śiṣyād vā śiṣṭyarthaṃ tāḍayet tu tau
anyatra putrāt śiṣyād vā śiṣṭyarthaṃ tāḍayet tu tau
164.
kruddho parasya daṇḍam na ucceta nainam na nipātayet
tu tau anyatra putrāt vā śiṣyāt śiṣṭyarthaṃ tāḍayet
tu tau anyatra putrāt vā śiṣyāt śiṣṭyarthaṃ tāḍayet
164.
In anger, one should not raise the staff against another person, nor should one strike them down. Except for a son or a disciple, one may strike them for the purpose of correction.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- परस्य (parasya) - against another person (of another, of others)
- दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment or the instrument of punishment (staff, stick, punishment)
- न (na) - not
- उदुच्छेत् (uducchet) - raise the staff (in anger) (should raise up, should lift)
- क्रुद्धह् (kruddhah) - when angry (angered, angry)
- न (na) - not
- एनम् (enam) - that person (mentioned previously) (him, this person)
- निपातयेत् (nipātayet) - strike them down (should cause to fall, should strike down)
- अन्यत्र (anyatra) - apart from, except for (elsewhere, except)
- पुत्रात् (putrāt) - a son (from a son)
- शिष्याद् (śiṣyād) - a disciple (from a disciple)
- वा (vā) - or
- शिष्ट्यर्थं (śiṣṭyarthaṁ) - for the purpose of instruction or correction (for the sake of correction, for discipline)
- ताडयेत् (tāḍayet) - may strike (for correction) (should strike, should beat)
- तु (tu) - but, however
- तौ (tau) - the son and the disciple (those two)
Words meanings and morphology
परस्य (parasya) - against another person (of another, of others)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of para
para - other, another, foreign, external, supreme
दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment or the instrument of punishment (staff, stick, punishment)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - staff, stick, rod, punishment, penalty, a measure
Possibly from root 'dam' (to punish).
Root: dam
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
उदुच्छेत् (uducchet) - raise the staff (in anger) (should raise up, should lift)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ut-√cyu
Causative
Root 'cyu' (to move) with prefix 'ud' (up). Causative form.
Prefix: ud
Root: cyu (class 4)
क्रुद्धह् (kruddhah) - when angry (angered, angry)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha
kruddha - angry, enraged
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'krudh' (to be angry).
Root: kru
Note: Modifies the implied subject of the verb.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
एनम् (enam) - that person (mentioned previously) (him, this person)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ena
ena - this, he, him
Demonstrative pronoun.
निपातयेत् (nipātayet) - strike them down (should cause to fall, should strike down)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ni-√pāt
Causative
Root 'pat' (to fall) with prefix 'ni' (down). Causative form.
Prefix: ni
Root: pat (class 1)
अन्यत्र (anyatra) - apart from, except for (elsewhere, except)
(indeclinable)
Formed from 'anya' (other) and 'atra' (here/there).
पुत्रात् (putrāt) - a son (from a son)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son
शिष्याद् (śiṣyād) - a disciple (from a disciple)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of śiṣya
śiṣya - disciple, pupil
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'śās' (to teach, to instruct).
Root: śās (class 2)
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
शिष्ट्यर्थं (śiṣṭyarthaṁ) - for the purpose of instruction or correction (for the sake of correction, for discipline)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of śiṣṭi-artha
śiṣṭi-artha - for the purpose of discipline or correction
Compound of 'śiṣṭi' (discipline, instruction) and 'artha' (purpose, aim).
Compound type : tatpurusha (śiṣṭi+artha)
- śiṣṭi – instruction, discipline, correction, teaching
noun (feminine)
Abstract noun
Derived from root 'śās' (to teach, to rule).
Root: śās (class 2) - artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
noun (masculine)
ताडयेत् (tāḍayet) - may strike (for correction) (should strike, should beat)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of tāḍa
Causative
Derived from 'tāḍa' (a blow) or root 'tan' (to extend) with reduplication.
Root: tan (class 1)
तु (tu) - but, however
(indeclinable)
तौ (tau) - the son and the disciple (those two)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of tad
tad - that, it, he, she, they
Third person demonstrative pronoun.