मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-160
सर्वं परवशं दुःखं सर्वमात्मवशं सुखम ।
एतद विद्यात समासेन लक्षणं सुखदुःखयोः ॥१६०॥
एतद विद्यात समासेन लक्षणं सुखदुःखयोः ॥१६०॥
160. sarvaṁ paravaśaṁ duḥkhaṁ sarvamātmavaśaṁ sukham ,
etad vidyāt samāsena lakṣaṇaṁ sukhaduḥkhayoḥ.
etad vidyāt samāsena lakṣaṇaṁ sukhaduḥkhayoḥ.
160.
sarvam paravaśam duḥkham sarvam ātmaavaśam sukham
etad vidyāt samāsena lakṣaṇam sukha-duḥkhayoḥ
etad vidyāt samāsena lakṣaṇam sukha-duḥkhayoḥ
160.
Everything dependent on others is suffering (duḥkha); everything dependent on oneself is happiness (sukha). This should be known as the essential characteristic of happiness and suffering (sukha-duḥkhayoḥ), in brief.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, entire, whole)
- परवशम् (paravaśam) - dependent on others (dependent on others, helpless)
- दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (duḥkha) (suffering, pain, sorrow, unhappiness)
- सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, entire, whole)
- आत्मअवशम् (ātmaavaśam) - dependent on oneself (self-controlled, dependent on oneself)
- सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (sukha) (happiness, pleasure, ease, comfort)
- एतद् (etad) - this
- विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should be known (should know, should understand)
- समासेन (samāsena) - in brief (in brief, concisely)
- लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - essential characteristic (characteristic, sign, mark, definition)
- सुख-दुःखयोः (sukha-duḥkhayoḥ) - of happiness and suffering (sukha-duḥkhayoḥ) (of happiness and suffering)
Words meanings and morphology
सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, entire, whole)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva
sarva - all, entire, whole, every
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.
परवशम् (paravaśam) - dependent on others (dependent on others, helpless)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of paravaśam
paravaśam - dependent on another, helpless
Compound type : tatpurusha (para+vaśam)
- para – other, another, foreign
indeclinable - vaśam – control, power, will
noun (masculine)
Note: Describes 'sarvam'.
दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (duḥkha) (suffering, pain, sorrow, unhappiness)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha
duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, unhappiness, difficulty
Compound of 'dus' (bad, difficult) and 'kha' (happiness, space).
Compound type : karmadharaya (dus+kha)
- dus – bad, difficult, ill
indeclinable - kha – happiness, pleasure, sky, space
noun (neuter)
Note: Predicate noun.
सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, entire, whole)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva
sarva - all, entire, whole, every
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.
आत्मअवशम् (ātmaavaśam) - dependent on oneself (self-controlled, dependent on oneself)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ātmaavaśam
ātmaavaśam - self-controlled, dependent on oneself
Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+vaśam)
- ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
noun (masculine) - vaśam – control, power, will
noun (masculine)
Note: Describes 'sarvam'.
सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (sukha) (happiness, pleasure, ease, comfort)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha
sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease, comfort, joy
Compound of 'su' (good) and 'kha' (happiness, space).
Compound type : karmadharaya (su+kha)
- su – good, well, easy
indeclinable - kha – happiness, pleasure, sky, space
noun (neuter)
Note: Predicate noun.
एतद् (etad) - this
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this
Note: Refers to the preceding statements.
विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should be known (should know, should understand)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of vid
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Potential mood (vidhiliṅ) indicating what one should know.
समासेन (samāsena) - in brief (in brief, concisely)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of samāsa
samāsa - combination, compound, summary, conciseness
Nominal
From 'sam' (together) + 'ās' (to sit, to be).
Prefix: sam
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Instrumental case indicating manner.
लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - essential characteristic (characteristic, sign, mark, definition)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of lakṣaṇa
lakṣaṇa - sign, mark, characteristic, definition, symptom
From root 'lakṣ' (to perceive, to aim at).
Root: lakṣ (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative.
सुख-दुःखयोः (sukha-duḥkhayoḥ) - of happiness and suffering (sukha-duḥkhayoḥ) (of happiness and suffering)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, dual of sukha-duḥkha
sukha-duḥkha - happiness and suffering
Dvanda compound (copulative).
Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)
- sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease, comfort, joy
noun (neuter) - duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow, unhappiness, difficulty
noun (neuter)
Compound of 'dus' (bad, difficult) and 'kha' (happiness, space).
Prefix: dus
Note: Possessive relation to 'lakṣaṇam'.