मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-129
न स्नानमाचरेद भुक्त्वा नातुरो न महानिशि ।
न वासोभिः सहाजस्रं नाविज्ञाते जलाशये ॥१२९॥
न वासोभिः सहाजस्रं नाविज्ञाते जलाशये ॥१२९॥
129. na snānamācared bhuktvā nāturo na mahāniśi ,
na vāsobhiḥ sahājasraṁ nāvijñāte jalāśaye.
na vāsobhiḥ sahājasraṁ nāvijñāte jalāśaye.
129.
na snānamācaret bhukt vā nātaro na mahāniśi
| na vāsobhiḥ sahājasraṃ nāvijñāte jalāśaye
| na vāsobhiḥ sahājasraṃ nāvijñāte jalāśaye
129.
One should not bathe after eating, when unwell, or late at night. One should not bathe with clothes on, nor in an unknown body of water.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not
- स्नानम् (snānam) - bathing (bathing, bath)
- आचरेत् (ācaret) - should perform (should perform, should do, should practise)
- भुक्त् (bhukt) - after eating (having eaten)
- वा (vā) - or
- नातरो (nātaro) - or when unwell (or not unwell)
- न (na) - not
- महानिशि (mahāniśi) - late at night (great night, deep night)
- न (na) - not
- वासोभिः (vāsobhiḥ) - with clothes on (with clothes)
- सहस्रं (sahasraṁ) - continuously, always (thousand, great number)
- नाविज्ञाते (nāvijñāte) - nor in an unknown (or not in the unknown)
- जलाशये (jalāśaye) - in a body of water (in a water-container, in a lake)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
स्नानम् (snānam) - bathing (bathing, bath)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of snāna
snāna - bathing, bath
From the root snā (to bathe).
Root: snā (class 1)
आचरेत् (ācaret) - should perform (should perform, should do, should practise)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ
Primary root.
Prefix: ā
Root: kṛ (class 8)
भुक्त् (bhukt) - after eating (having eaten)
(gerund)
Note: This appears to be a shortened form of the gerund/absolutive 'bhuktvā' (having eaten). The context implies 'after eating'.
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
नातरो (nātaro) - or when unwell (or not unwell)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ātur
ātur - unwell, sick, afflicted, distressed
Note: Sandhi: na + āturaḥ = nāturah. The 'na' here is negated from the previous 'na', effectively meaning 'or not unwell' which is understood as 'or when unwell' in this context.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
महानिशि (mahāniśi) - late at night (great night, deep night)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of mahāniśi
mahāniśi - deep night, midnight
Compound: mahā + niśi.
Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+niśi)
- mahā – great, large, much
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter) - niśi – night
noun (feminine)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
वासोभिः (vāsobhiḥ) - with clothes on (with clothes)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of vāsa
vāsa - clothing, garment, dwelling
From the root vas (to dwell, to wear).
Root: vas (class 1)
सहस्रं (sahasraṁ) - continuously, always (thousand, great number)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial use, likely meaning 'continuously' or 'repeatedly'. Combined with 'vāsobhiḥ', it implies bathing 'with clothes on continuously'.
नाविज्ञाते (nāvijñāte) - nor in an unknown (or not in the unknown)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of avijñāta
avijñāta - unknown, not recognized, unfamiliar
From the root jñā (to know) with prefix vi- and negation a-.
Prefixes: a+vi
Root: jñā (class 2)
Note: Sandhi: na + avijñāte = nāvijñāte. The 'na' here introduces another prohibition.
जलाशये (jalāśaye) - in a body of water (in a water-container, in a lake)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of jalāśaya
jalāśaya - water-container, tank, lake, reservoir
Compound: jala + āśaya.
Compound type : tatpurusha (jala+āśaya)
- jala – water
noun (neuter) - āśaya – reservoir, receptacle, container, abode
noun (masculine)
From the root ā + śī (to lie down, to rest).
Prefix: ā
Root: śī (class 2)