मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-148
वेदाभ्यासेन सततं शौचेन तपसैव च ।
अद्रोहेण च भूतानां जातिं स्मरति पौर्विकीम ॥१४८॥
अद्रोहेण च भूतानां जातिं स्मरति पौर्विकीम ॥१४८॥
148. vedābhyāsena satataṁ śaucena tapasaiva ca ,
adroheṇa ca bhūtānāṁ jātiṁ smarati paurvikīm.
adroheṇa ca bhūtānāṁ jātiṁ smarati paurvikīm.
148.
vēdābhyāsēna satataṃ śaucēna tapasā ēva ca
adrōhēṇa ca bhūtānāṃ jātim smarati paurvikīm
adrōhēṇa ca bhūtānāṃ jātim smarati paurvikīm
148.
satataṃ vēdābhyāsēna śaucēna tapasā ēva ca
bhūtānāṃ adrōhēṇa ca paurvikīṃ jātim smarati
bhūtānāṃ adrōhēṇa ca paurvikīṃ jātim smarati
148.
By constant study of the Veda, by purity, by austerity, and by non-violence towards beings, one remembers the ancestral [past] birth.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वेदाभ्यासेन (vēdābhyāsēna) - by constant study of the Veda (by the study of the Veda)
- सततं (satataṁ) - constant (always, continuously, constantly)
- शौचेन (śaucēna) - by purity (by purity, by cleanliness)
- तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (by austerity, by penance)
- एव (ēva) - and by (indeed, only, even)
- च (ca) - and
- अद्र्ओहेण (adrōhēṇa) - by non-violence (by not harming, by non-aggression)
- च (ca) - and
- भूतानां (bhūtānāṁ) - of beings (of beings, of creatures, of elements)
- जातिम् (jātim) - birth (birth, lineage, species, kind)
- स्मरति (smarati) - remembers (remembers, thinks of)
- पौर्विकीम् (paurvikīm) - ancestral [past] (ancestral, ancient, from the first)
Words meanings and morphology
वेदाभ्यासेन (vēdābhyāsēna) - by constant study of the Veda (by the study of the Veda)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of vēdābhyāsa
vēdābhyāsa - study of the Veda, practice of Vedic knowledge
Compound of 'Veda' (sacred knowledge) and 'abhyāsa' (practice, study).
Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+abhyāsa)
- veda – knowledge, sacred knowledge, the Vedas
noun (masculine)
Root: vid (class 4) - abhyāsa – practice, repetition, study
noun (masculine)
Derived from 'abhi-' (towards) + root 'as' (to sit).
Root: as (class 2)
सततं (satataṁ) - constant (always, continuously, constantly)
(indeclinable)
Past Passive Participle
Root 'sam-' (together) + 'tan-' (to stretch). Past passive participle.
Prefix: sam
Root: tan (class 2)
Note: used adverbially
शौचेन (śaucēna) - by purity (by purity, by cleanliness)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of śauca
śauca - purity, cleanliness, transparency
Derived from 'śuci' (pure, clean).
तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (by austerity, by penance)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas
tapas - austerity, penance, asceticism, spiritual discipline
From the root 'tap' (to heat, to burn, to practice austerity).
Root: tap (class 1)
एव (ēva) - and by (indeed, only, even)
(indeclinable)
Note: here used for emphasis and to connect the previous terms with the next
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अद्र्ओहेण (adrōhēṇa) - by non-violence (by not harming, by non-aggression)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of adrōha
adrōha - non-injury, non-violence, absence of malice
Negation ('a-') + 'drōha' (injury, harm, malice), which is derived from the root 'druh' (to harm).
Prefix: a
Root: druh (class 7)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
भूतानां (bhūtānāṁ) - of beings (of beings, of creatures, of elements)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta
bhūta - being, creature, entity, element, past, happened
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of the root 'bhū' (to be, to exist).
Root: bhū (class 1)
जातिम् (jātim) - birth (birth, lineage, species, kind)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of jāti
jāti - birth, kind, species, caste, origin, lineage
Derived from the root 'jan' (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
स्मरति (smarati) - remembers (remembers, thinks of)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of smar
Root 'smṛ' (to remember).
Root: smṛ (class 7)
पौर्विकीम् (paurvikīm) - ancestral [past] (ancestral, ancient, from the first)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of paurvika
paurvika - ancestral, ancient, from the beginning, belonging to the first
Derived from 'pūrva' (before, first, ancient).
Note: modifying 'jātim'