मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-243
धर्मप्रधानं पुरुषं तपसा हतकिल्बिषम ।
परलोकं नयत्याशु भास्वन्तं खशरीरिणम ॥२४३॥
परलोकं नयत्याशु भास्वन्तं खशरीरिणम ॥२४३॥
243. dharmapradhānaṁ puruṣaṁ tapasā hatakilbiṣam ,
paralokaṁ nayatyāśu bhāsvantaṁ khaśarīriṇam.
paralokaṁ nayatyāśu bhāsvantaṁ khaśarīriṇam.
243.
dharmapradhānam puruṣam tapasā hatakilbiṣam
paralōkam nayati āśu bhāsvantam sphaśarīriṇam
paralōkam nayati āśu bhāsvantam sphaśarīriṇam
243.
tapasā hatakilbiṣam dharmapradhānam puruṣam
āśu paralōkam bhāsvantam sphaśarīriṇam nayati
āśu paralōkam bhāsvantam sphaśarīriṇam nayati
243.
One who is foremost in [dharma] (righteousness), whose sins are destroyed by [tapas] (austerity), is quickly led to the next world, radiant and embodied in a subtle body.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- धर्मप्रधानम् (dharmapradhānam) - foremost in [dharma] (righteousness) (foremost in dharma, whose dharma is primary)
- पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - one who is (man, person, soul, spirit)
- तपसा (tapasā) - by [tapas] (austerity) (by austerity, by penance, by heat)
- हतकिल्बिषम् (hatakilbiṣam) - whose sins are destroyed (whose sins are destroyed, sinless)
- परल्ओकम् (paralōkam) - the next world (the other world, the next world, heaven)
- नयति (nayati) - is led (leads, carries, guides)
- आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, fast)
- भास्वन्तम् (bhāsvantam) - radiant (shining, radiant, luminous)
- स्फशरीरिणम् (sphaśarīriṇam) - embodied in a subtle body (having a subtle body, embodied)
Words meanings and morphology
धर्मप्रधानम् (dharmapradhānam) - foremost in [dharma] (righteousness) (foremost in dharma, whose dharma is primary)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmapradhāna
dharmapradhāna - whose dharma is primary, foremost in dharma
compound: dharma (duty, righteousness) + pradhāna (chief, principal, foremost)
Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+pradhāna)
- dharma – duty, virtue, religion, law, nature, characteristic, quality, merit, righteousness
noun (masculine)
from the root dhṛ 'to hold, to support'
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - pradhāna – chief, principal, foremost, best
adjective (masculine)
from pra 'forth, forward' + dhā 'to place, to set'
Root: dhā (class 3)
पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - one who is (man, person, soul, spirit)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, person, male being, soul, spirit, the supreme being
Note: used here in apposition with the adjective 'dharmapradhānam'
तपसा (tapasā) - by [tapas] (austerity) (by austerity, by penance, by heat)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas
tapas - heat, ardor, penance, austerity, asceticism, spiritual practice
from the root tap 'to heat, to burn, to practice austerity'
Root: tap (class 1)
हतकिल्बिषम् (hatakilbiṣam) - whose sins are destroyed (whose sins are destroyed, sinless)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hatakilbiṣa
hatakilbiṣa - whose sins are destroyed, sinless
compound: hata (killed, destroyed) + kilbiṣa (sin, impurity, fault)
Compound type : tatpurusha (hata+kilbiṣa)
- hata – killed, destroyed, struck, cut
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from the root han 'to kill, to strike'
Root: han (class 2) - kilbiṣa – sin, fault, impurity, stain, wickedness
noun (neuter)
परल्ओकम् (paralōkam) - the next world (the other world, the next world, heaven)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of paraloka
paraloka - the other world, the world beyond, the next world
compound: para (other, beyond) + loka (world)
Compound type : tatpurusha (para+loka)
- para – other, another, beyond, far, highest, supreme
adjective (masculine) - loka – world, realm, place, people
noun (masculine)
नयति (nayati) - is led (leads, carries, guides)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nī
Present Tense
root class 1.6
Root: nī (class 1)
Note: passive sense implied by context
आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, fast)
(indeclinable)
Note: adverb
भास्वन्तम् (bhāsvantam) - radiant (shining, radiant, luminous)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāsvat
bhāsvat - shining, radiant, luminous, bright
Present Participle
from the root bhās 'to shine, to appear'
Root: bhās (class 1)
स्फशरीरिणम् (sphaśarīriṇam) - embodied in a subtle body (having a subtle body, embodied)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sphaśarīrin
sphaśarīrin - having a subtle body, embodied
compound: sphaś (subtle) + śarīrin (embodied)
Compound type : tatpurusha (sphaśa+śarīrin)
- sphaśa – subtle, fine, minute, delicate
adjective (masculine) - śarīrin – embodied, corporeal, having a body
adjective (masculine)
from śarīra (body) + in (suffix denoting possession)