मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-141
हीनाङ्गानतिरिक्ताङ्गान विद्याहीनान वयोऽधिकान ।
रूपद्रविणहीनांश्च जातिहीनांश्च नाक्षिपेत ॥१४१॥
रूपद्रविणहीनांश्च जातिहीनांश्च नाक्षिपेत ॥१४१॥
141. hīnāṅgānatiriktāṅgān vidyāhīnān vayo'dhikān ,
rūpadraviṇahīnāṁśca jātihīnāṁśca nākṣipet.
rūpadraviṇahīnāṁśca jātihīnāṁśca nākṣipet.
141.
hīnāṅgān atiriktāṅgān vidyāhīnān vayoʿdhikān
rūpadraviṇahīnāṃś ca jāti hīnāṃś ca nā kṣipeta
rūpadraviṇahīnāṃś ca jāti hīnāṃś ca nā kṣipeta
141.
hīnāṅgān atiriktāṅgān vidyāhīnān vayo adhikān
rūpadraviṇahīnān ca jāti hīnān ca na akṣipeta
rūpadraviṇahīnān ca jāti hīnān ca na akṣipeta
141.
One should not criticize those who are deficient in limbs or have extra limbs, those lacking knowledge, those older than oneself, those lacking beauty or wealth, or those of low birth.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हीनाङ्गान् (hīnāṅgān) - those with deficient limbs
- अतिरिक्ताङ्गान् (atiriktāṅgān) - those with extra limbs
- विद्याहीनान् (vidyāhīnān) - those lacking knowledge
- वयो (vayo) - age
- अधिकान् (adhikān) - more, greater
- रूपद्रविणहीनान् (rūpadraviṇahīnān) - those lacking beauty and wealth
- च (ca) - and
- जाति (jāti) - birth, caste, lineage
- हीनान् (hīnān) - lacking, deprived of
- च (ca) - and
- न (na) - not
- अक्षिपेत (akṣipeta) - should criticize, should reproach
Words meanings and morphology
हीनाङ्गान् (hīnāṅgān) - those with deficient limbs
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of hīnāṅga
hīnāṅga - having deficient limbs, deformed
compound of hīna + aṅga
Compound type : tatpurusha (hīna+aṅga)
- hīna – lacking, deficient, inferior, deprived of
adjective (masculine) - aṅga – limb, body part, member
noun (neuter)
अतिरिक्ताङ्गान् (atiriktāṅgān) - those with extra limbs
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of atiriktāṅga
atiriktāṅga - having extra limbs, supernumerary
compound of ati + rikta + aṅga
Compound type : tritattva (ati+rikta+aṅga)
- ati – very, excessively, beyond
prefix - rikta – empty, devoid of, vacant
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
from root ric (to leave, to empty)
Root: ric (class 7) - aṅga – limb, body part, member
noun (neuter)
विद्याहीनान् (vidyāhīnān) - those lacking knowledge
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vidyāhīna
vidyāhīna - lacking knowledge, ignorant
compound of vidyā + hīna
Compound type : tatpurusha (vidyā+hīna)
- vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
noun (feminine)
Root: vid (class 2) - hīna – lacking, deficient, inferior, deprived of
adjective (masculine)
वयो (vayo) - age
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of vayas
vayas - age, youth, strength, life
Note: Used here as part of a compound meaning 'older in age'.
अधिकान् (adhikān) - more, greater
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of adhika
adhika - more, greater, superior, excessive
from prefix 'adhi' + root 'i' (to go)
Prefix: adhi
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Combined with 'vayas' to mean 'older in age'.
रूपद्रविणहीनान् (rūpadraviṇahīnān) - those lacking beauty and wealth
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of rūpadraviṇahīna
rūpadraviṇahīna - lacking beauty and wealth
compound of rūpa + dravina + hīna
Compound type : tritattva (rūpa+dravina+hīna)
- rūpa – form, beauty, appearance, shape
noun (neuter) - dravina – wealth, riches, property, treasure
noun (neuter) - hīna – lacking, deficient, inferior, deprived of
adjective (masculine)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
जाति (jāti) - birth, caste, lineage
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of jāti
jāti - birth, genus, species, kind, caste, lineage
from root 'jan' (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Here it refers to low birth or low social standing, in conjunction with 'hīnān'.
हीनान् (hīnān) - lacking, deprived of
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of hīna
hīna - lacking, deficient, inferior, deprived of
Note: Combined with 'jāti' to mean 'those of low birth'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
अक्षिपेत (akṣipeta) - should criticize, should reproach
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṣip
1st conjugation verb
Root: kṣip. Class: 1. Root meaning: to throw.
Root: kṣip (class 1)