मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-17
सर्वान परित्यजेदर्थान स्वाध्यायस्य विरोधिनः ।
यथा तथाऽध्यापयंस्तु सा ह्यस्य कृतकृत्यता ॥१७॥
यथा तथाऽध्यापयंस्तु सा ह्यस्य कृतकृत्यता ॥१७॥
17. sarvān parityajedarthān svādhyāyasya virodhinaḥ ,
yathā tathā'dhyāpayaṁstu sā hyasya kṛtakṛtyatā.
yathā tathā'dhyāpayaṁstu sā hyasya kṛtakṛtyatā.
17.
sarvān parityajet arthān svādhyāyasyavirodhinaḥ
yathā tathā adhyāpayaṃstu sā hy asya kṛtakṛtyatā
yathā tathā adhyāpayaṃstu sā hy asya kṛtakṛtyatā
17.
One should abandon all objects (of desire) that are opposed to one's scriptural study (svādhyāya). In this way, by teaching (what has been studied), that indeed is his accomplishment.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (all, entire, whole)
- परित्यजेत् (parityajet) - should abandon (should abandon, should renounce)
- अर्थान् (arthān) - objects (of desire) (wealth, objects, goals, meanings, purposes)
- स्वाध्यायस्यविरोधिनः (svādhyāyasyavirodhinaḥ) - that are opposed to one's scriptural study (opposed to self-study)
- यथा (yathā) - as (as, like, according to, in accordance with)
- तथा (tathā) - in this way (so, thus, in that way, accordingly)
- अध्यापयंस्तु (adhyāpayaṁstu) - by teaching (by teaching, while teaching)
- सा (sā) - that (accomplishment) (she, that, it)
- हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, truly, certainly)
- अस्य (asya) - his (of him, of her, of it, his, her, its)
- कृतकृत्यता (kṛtakṛtyatā) - accomplishment (accomplishment, completion of one's task, success)
Words meanings and morphology
सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (all, entire, whole)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, entire, any
परित्यजेत् (parityajet) - should abandon (should abandon, should renounce)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of parityaj
Parasmaipada (active voice) Optative
Root '√tyaj' (to abandon, to give up) with prefix 'pari-' (around, completely). In the optative mood, third person singular, parasmapada.
Prefix: pari-
Root: √tyaj (class 1)
अर्थान् (arthān) - objects (of desire) (wealth, objects, goals, meanings, purposes)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of artha
artha - goal, aim, purpose, object, wealth, meaning, sense, reason, advantage, interest
Derived from the root 'ṛ' (ṛ-dhātu) + 'tha' suffix.
Root: √ṛ (class 1)
स्वाध्यायस्यविरोधिनः (svādhyāyasyavirodhinaḥ) - that are opposed to one's scriptural study (opposed to self-study)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of svādhyāyavirodhin
svādhyāyavirodhin - one who opposes svādhyāya, that which is opposed to svādhyāya
Compound of 'svādhyāya' (self-study, Vedic study) and 'virodhin' (opposer, hindrance). 'Virodhin' is derived from the root '√rudh' (to obstruct).
Compound type : tatpurusha (svādhyāya+virodhin)
- svādhyāya – self-study, study of sacred texts, Vedic study, recitation of scriptures
noun (masculine)
Compound of 'sva-' (self, one's own) and 'adhyāya' (reading, study).
Prefix: sva- - virodhin – opposer, opponent, adversary, hindrance, that which opposes
adjective (masculine)
Derived from the root '√rudh' (to obstruct) with the suffix '-in'.
Prefix: vi-
Root: √rudh (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'arthān' (objects).
यथा (yathā) - as (as, like, according to, in accordance with)
(indeclinable)
तथा (tathā) - in this way (so, thus, in that way, accordingly)
(indeclinable)
अध्यापयंस्तु (adhyāpayaṁstu) - by teaching (by teaching, while teaching)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present participle (śatṛ) of adhyāpaya
Causative Gerund (L-form)
Causative form derived from the root '√dhā' (to put, to place) with prefixes 'adhi-' (over, upon) and 'ā-' (towards), and the causative suffix '-aya'. The form 'adhyāpayaṃs' is a present participle, and 'tu' is a particle. Here it functions adverbially.
Prefixes: adhi-+ā-
Root: √dhā (class 3)
Note: The ending '-stu' suggests an active participle functioning adverbially, linked with the particle 'tu'.
सा (sā) - that (accomplishment) (she, that, it)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Refers to 'kṛtakṛtyatā'.
हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, truly, certainly)
(indeclinable)
अस्य (asya) - his (of him, of her, of it, his, her, its)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of etad
etad - this, that, it (near demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Refers to the person undertaking the action.
कृतकृत्यता (kṛtakṛtyatā) - accomplishment (accomplishment, completion of one's task, success)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛtakṛtyatā
kṛtakṛtyatā - accomplishment, completion of duty, success, state of having done what needs to be done
Compound of 'kṛta' (done, accomplished) and 'kṛtyatā' (the state of being done, duty). 'Kṛta' is the past passive participle of '√kṛ' (to do).
Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛta+kṛtyatā)
- kṛta – done, made, accomplished, performed, completed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root '√kṛ' (to do, to make) with the past passive participle suffix '-kta'.
Root: √kṛ (class 8) - kṛtyatā – the state of being done, duty, work to be done
noun (feminine)
Derived from the root '√kṛ' (to do) with suffixes like '-tya' and '-tā'.
Root: √kṛ (class 8)