मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-161
यत कर्म कुर्वतोऽस्य स्यात परितोषोऽन्तरात्मनः ।
तत प्रयत्नेन कुर्वीत विपरीतं तु वर्जयेत ॥१६१॥
तत प्रयत्नेन कुर्वीत विपरीतं तु वर्जयेत ॥१६१॥
161. yat karma kurvato'sya syāt paritoṣo'ntarātmanaḥ ,
tat prayatnena kurvīta viparītaṁ tu varjayet.
tat prayatnena kurvīta viparītaṁ tu varjayet.
161.
yat karma kurvato asya syāt paritoshah antarātmanah
tat yatnena kurvīta viparītam tu varjayeta
tat yatnena kurvīta viparītam tu varjayeta
161.
Whatever action (karma) one performs, by which there is satisfaction of the inner self (antarātmanaḥ), that one should perform with effort. But the opposite should be abandoned.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यत् (yat) - whatever (what, which)
- कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, work)
- कुर्वतो (kurvato) - one performs (doing, performing)
- अस्य (asya) - one's (his, her, its)
- स्यात् (syāt) - there is (it may be, it happens)
- परितोस्हह् (paritoshah) - satisfaction (satisfaction, delight, contentment)
- अन्तरात्मनह् (antarātmanah) - of the inner self (antarātmanah) (of the inner self, of the internal soul)
- तत् (tat) - that (that, it)
- यत्नेन (yatnena) - with effort (with effort, with exertion)
- कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should perform (should do, should perform)
- विपरीतम् (viparītam) - the opposite (opposite, contrary, reversed)
- तु (tu) - but (but, however)
- वर्जयेत (varjayeta) - should be abandoned (should avoid, should reject)
Words meanings and morphology
यत् (yat) - whatever (what, which)
(pronoun)
of yat
yat - what, which, that, who, as much as
Note: Relative pronoun.
कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, work)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate
P.P.P.
Root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix 'man
Root: kṛ (class 2)
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.
कुर्वतो (kurvato) - one performs (doing, performing)
(nominal form)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛ
kṛ - to do, to make, to perform
Present Active Participle
Root 'kṛ' + present participle suffix '-at'.
Root: kṛ (class 2)
Note: Present participle, genitive case, indicating the performer of the action.
अस्य (asya) - one's (his, her, its)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, it
Note: Possessive, refers to the performer ('kurvato').
स्यात् (syāt) - there is (it may be, it happens)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of as
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Potential mood (vidhiliṅ) indicating possibility.
परितोस्हह् (paritoshah) - satisfaction (satisfaction, delight, contentment)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of paritoṣa
paritoṣa - satisfaction, delight, contentment, pleasure
Derived from root 'tuṣ' (to be pleased) with prefix 'pari'.
Prefix: pari
Root: tuṣ (class 4)
Note: Subject of the verb 'syāt'.
अन्तरात्मनह् (antarātmanah) - of the inner self (antarātmanah) (of the inner self, of the internal soul)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of antarātman
antarātman - inner self, internal soul, conscience
Compound of 'antar' (inner) and 'ātman' (self).
Compound type : tatpurusha (antar+ātman)
- antar – inner, inside, internal
indeclinable - ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
noun (masculine)
Note: Possessive, indicating the source of satisfaction.
तत् (tat) - that (that, it)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tat
tat - that, it
Note: Refers to the action described.
यत्नेन (yatnena) - with effort (with effort, with exertion)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna
yatna - effort, exertion, zeal, care
From root 'yat' (to strive).
Root: yat (class 1)
Note: Instrumental case indicating means.
कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should perform (should do, should perform)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 2)
Note: Potential mood (vidhiliṅ) indicating what one should do.
विपरीतम् (viparītam) - the opposite (opposite, contrary, reversed)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of viparīta
viparīta - opposite, contrary, reversed, inverse
Past Passive Participle
From root 'vṛ' (to cover, to turn) with prefix 'vi-pari'.
Prefixes: vi+pari
Root: vṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of the verb 'varjayeta'.
तु (tu) - but (but, however)
(indeclinable)
वर्जयेत (varjayeta) - should be abandoned (should avoid, should reject)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, potential (vidhiliṅ) of varjaya
Causative
Causative of root 'vṛ' (to cover, to protect, to choose) or related roots.
Root: vṛ (class 1)
Note: Potential mood (vidhiliṅ) indicating what ought to be avoided.