मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-32
शक्तितोऽपचमानेभ्यो दातव्यं गृहमेधिना ।
संविभागश्च भूतेभ्यः कर्तव्योऽनुपरोधतः ॥३२॥
संविभागश्च भूतेभ्यः कर्तव्योऽनुपरोधतः ॥३२॥
32. śaktito'pacamānebhyo dātavyaṁ gṛhamedhinā ,
saṁvibhāgaśca bhūtebhyaḥ kartavyo'nuparodhataḥ.
saṁvibhāgaśca bhūtebhyaḥ kartavyo'nuparodhataḥ.
32.
śaktitaḥ apacamānebhyaḥ dātavyaṃ gṛhamedhinā
saṃvibhāgaḥ ca bhūtebhyaḥ kartavyo anuparodhato
saṃvibhāgaḥ ca bhūtebhyaḥ kartavyo anuparodhato
32.
Householders should give according to their capacity to those who are unable to serve themselves. Distribution to all beings should be done without causing distress.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शक्तितः (śaktitaḥ) - according to their capacity (according to capacity, to the best of one's ability)
- अपचमानेभ्यः (apacamānebhyaḥ) - those who are unable to serve themselves (those who are unable to cook or serve themselves)
- दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given (to be given, should be given)
- गृहमेधिना (gṛhamedhinā) - by householders (by the householder)
- संविभागः (saṁvibhāgaḥ) - distribution (distribution, division, share)
- च (ca) - and
- भूतेभ्यः (bhūtebhyaḥ) - to all beings (to beings, to creatures)
- कर्तव्यो (kartavyo) - should be done (to be done, must be done)
- अनुपरोधतो (anuparodhato) - without causing distress (without obstruction, without importunity, without bothering)
Words meanings and morphology
शक्तितः (śaktitaḥ) - according to their capacity (according to capacity, to the best of one's ability)
(indeclinable)
derived from śakti (power, ability) with the suffix -tas.
अपचमानेभ्यः (apacamānebhyaḥ) - those who are unable to serve themselves (those who are unable to cook or serve themselves)
(adjective)
Dative, masculine, plural of apachyamāna
apachyamāna - one who is unable to cook or serve
Present Participle (Passive)
from the root √pac (to cook, to prepare food) + apa (prefix indicating negation or separation) + -māna (passive participle suffix).
Prefix: apa
Root: pac (class 1)
दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given (to be given, should be given)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dātavya
dātavya - to be given, that which should be given
Gerundive
from the root √dā (to give) + tavya suffix.
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Implies obligation.
गृहमेधिना (gṛhamedhinā) - by householders (by the householder)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of gṛhamedhin
gṛhamedhin - householder, one who maintains the sacred fire at home
compound of gṛha (house) and medhin (possessing, maintaining, related to the ritual fire).
Compound type : tatpurusha (gṛha+medhin)
- gṛha – house, home
noun (neuter) - medhin – possessing, maintaining, connected to a hearth or fire
adjective (masculine)
derived from medhā (intelligence, understanding, sacrificial butter) or related to the maintenance of domestic ritual.
संविभागः (saṁvibhāgaḥ) - distribution (distribution, division, share)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvibhāga
saṁvibhāga - distribution, division, share, partition
compound of sam (together, fully) and vibhāga (division, distribution).
Compound type : tatpurusha (sam+vibhāga)
- sam – together, with, fully, completely
indeclinable - vibhāga – division, distribution, share, part
noun (masculine)
from vi-bhaj (to divide).
Prefix: vi
Root: bhaj (class 1)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
भूतेभ्यः (bhūtebhyaḥ) - to all beings (to beings, to creatures)
(noun)
Dative, masculine, plural of bhūta
bhūta - being, creature, element, past, happened
Past Passive Participle
from the root √bhū (to be, to become, to exist).
Root: bhū (class 1)
कर्तव्यो (kartavyo) - should be done (to be done, must be done)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya
kartavya - to be done, that which should be done
Gerundive
from the root √kṛ (to do, to make) + tavya suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Implies obligation.
अनुपरोधतो (anuparodhato) - without causing distress (without obstruction, without importunity, without bothering)
(indeclinable)
compound of an- (not) + uparodha (hindrance, obstruction, importunity) + -tas (suffix indicating manner).
Prefix: an
Root: rudh (class 2)