मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-40
नोपगच्छेत प्रमत्तोऽपि स्त्रियमार्तवदर्शने ।
समानशयने चैव न शयीत तया सह ॥४०॥
समानशयने चैव न शयीत तया सह ॥४०॥
40. nopagacchet pramatto'pi striyamārtavadarśane ,
samānaśayane caiva na śayīta tayā saha.
samānaśayane caiva na śayīta tayā saha.
40.
nopagacchet pramatto.
api striyamārtavadarśane | samānaśayane caiva na śayīta tayā saha
api striyamārtavadarśane | samānaśayane caiva na śayīta tayā saha
40.
pramattaḥ api na nopagacchet striyam ārtavadarśane
ca eva samānaśayane tayā saha na śayīta
ca eva samānaśayane tayā saha na śayīta
40.
Even if careless, one should not approach a woman when she is menstruating, nor should one sleep with her in the same bed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not
- उपगच्छेत् (upagacchet) - one should approach (should approach, should go near)
- प्रमत्तः (pramattaḥ) - careless (careless, negligent, intoxicated)
- अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
- स्त्रियम् (striyam) - a woman (woman, wife)
- आर्तवदर्शने (ārtavadarśane) - when she is menstruating (during the sight of menstruation, when the menses appear)
- समानशयने (samānaśayane) - in the same bed
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- एव (eva) - also (indeed, certainly, also, itself)
- न (na) - not
- शयीत (śayīta) - should sleep (should lie down, should sleep)
- तया (tayā) - with her (by her, with her)
- सह (saha) - with (with, together)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
उपगच्छेत् (upagacchet) - one should approach (should approach, should go near)
(verb)
active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of upagam
derived from root 'gam-' (to go) with prefix 'upa-'
Prefix: upa
Root: gam (class 2)
Note: 3rd person singular, potential mood often translated as 'should'
प्रमत्तः (pramattaḥ) - careless (careless, negligent, intoxicated)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pramatta
pramatta - careless, negligent, inattentive, intoxicated, infatuated
Past Passive Participle
derived from root 'mad-' (to be mad, intoxicated) with prefix 'pra-'
Prefix: pra
Root: mad (class 4)
अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
स्त्रियम् (striyam) - a woman (woman, wife)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of strī
strī - woman, wife
आर्तवदर्शने (ārtavadarśane) - when she is menstruating (during the sight of menstruation, when the menses appear)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of ārtavadarśana
ārtavadarśana - seeing the menses, appearance of menstruation
compound of 'ārtava' (menstruation, season) and 'darśana' (seeing, sight)
Compound type : tatpurusha (ārtava+darśana)
- ārtava – belonging to a season, monthly period, menstruation
noun (masculine)
derived from 'ṛtu-' (season) - darśana – seeing, sight, view, appearance
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
derived from root 'dṛś-' (to see) with suffix '-ana'
Root: dṛś (class 10)
समानशयने (samānaśayane) - in the same bed
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of samānaśayana
samānaśayana - sleeping together, a shared bed
compound of 'samāna' (same, equal) and 'śayana' (bed, sleeping)
Compound type : tatpurusha (samāna+śayana)
- samāna – same, equal, similar, together
adjective (masculine)
derived from 'sama-' (equal) with prefix 'sa-'
Prefix: sa - śayana – bed, sleeping place, act of sleeping
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
derived from root 'śī-' (to sleep) with suffix '-yana'
Root: śī (class 2)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - also (indeed, certainly, also, itself)
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
शयीत (śayīta) - should sleep (should lie down, should sleep)
(verb)
active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of śī
Root: śī (class 2)
Note: 3rd person singular, potential mood often translated as 'should'
तया (tayā) - with her (by her, with her)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of tat
tat - that, it, he, she, they
सह (saha) - with (with, together)
(indeclinable)