मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-87
यो राज्ञः प्रतिगृह्णाति लुब्धस्यौच्छास्त्रवर्तिनः ।
स पर्यायेण यातीमान्नरकानेकविंशतिम ॥८७॥
स पर्यायेण यातीमान्नरकानेकविंशतिम ॥८७॥
87. yo rājñaḥ pratigṛhṇāti lubdhasyaucchāstravartinaḥ ,
sa paryāyeṇa yātīmānnarakānekaviṁśatim.
sa paryāyeṇa yātīmānnarakānekaviṁśatim.
87.
yaḥ rājñaḥ pratigṛhṇāti lubdhasya aucchāstravartinaḥ
sa paryāyeṇa yāti mān naraka eka viṃśatim
sa paryāyeṇa yāti mān naraka eka viṃśatim
87.
yaḥ lubdhasya aucchāstravartinaḥ rājñaḥ pratigṛhṇāti
saḥ paryāyeṇa mān eka viṃśatim naraka yāti
saḥ paryāyeṇa mān eka viṃśatim naraka yāti
87.
He who accepts gifts from a greedy king who does not follow the prescribed rules (śāstra) goes, in turn, through twenty-one hells (naraka).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यः (yaḥ) - who, he who
- राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king
- प्रतिगृह्णाति (pratigṛhṇāti) - accepts, receives
- लुब्धस्य (lubdhasya) - of the greedy
- उच्छास्त्रवर्तिनः (ucchāstravartinaḥ) - one who does not follow the śāstra
- सः (saḥ) - he, that
- पर्यायेण (paryāyeṇa) - in turn, successively, in order
- याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds
- मान् (mān) - these
- नरक (naraka) - hell
- एक (eka) - one
- विंशतिम् (viṁśatim) - twenty
Words meanings and morphology
यः (yaḥ) - who, he who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yat
yat - which, that, who, he who, what
राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
Derived from √rañj (to be delighted, to colour) + -an suffix, indicating one who delights or rules.
Root: rañj (class 1)
प्रतिगृह्णाति (pratigṛhṇāti) - accepts, receives
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of pratigṛh
Present tense
Root √grah (to seize, grasp) + prefix pra'ti- (back, again, towards).
Prefix: prati
Root: grah (class 1)
Note: 3rd person singular present active indicative of pratigṛhṇāti.
लुब्धस्य (lubdhasya) - of the greedy
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of lubdha
lubdha - greedy, avaricious, covetous; enchanted, bewitched
Past Passive Participle
From √lubh (to tremble, be confused, be covetous).
Root: lubh (class 4)
उच्छास्त्रवर्तिनः (ucchāstravartinaḥ) - one who does not follow the śāstra
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ucchāstravartin
ucchāstravartin - one who does not follow the śāstra (sacred texts, law, rules)
Compound of ud- (prefix indicating negation or opposition, here functioning as negation like 'not') + śāstra- (sacred texts, law) + vartin (one who follows/walks). The 'u' is a variant of 'ud' before 'ś'. However, here it seems to be a direct negation of śāstravartin. A more common prefix for negation is 'a-' or 'an-'. Given the context 'ucchāstravartinaḥ', it is likely negating 'śāstravartinaḥ' (one who follows the śāstra). So it means 'one who does not follow the śāstra'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (a+śāstra+vartin)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - śāstra – scripture, sacred text, science, rule, law, doctrine
noun (neuter)
From √śās (to teach, command, rule).
Root: śās (class 2) - vartin – one who walks, follows, lives
noun (masculine)
Derived from √vṛt (to turn, roll, exist, live) + -in suffix.
Root: vṛt (class 1)
सः (saḥ) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it, he, she, this
पर्यायेण (paryāyeṇa) - in turn, successively, in order
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of paryāya
paryāya - turn, order, sequence, substitution; manner, way
Compound of pari- (around, about) + ā- (prefix) + √i (to go). Formed as a noun meaning 'going around'.
Prefixes: pari+ā
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Instrumental case used adverbially.
याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of yā
Present tense
Root √yā (to go).
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: 3rd person singular present active indicative of yāti.
मान् (mān) - these
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of māt
māt - these, this (often used demonstratively)
Note: Plural accusative, referring to the hells.
नरक (naraka) - hell
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, purgatory, a place of punishment
Possibly from √nṛ (to dance, move) or related to 'nara' (man) + 'ka' (suffix). Refers to the realm of suffering for humans.
एक (eka) - one
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of eka
eka - one, single, alone; unique, excellent
Note: Modifies 'viṃśatim'.
विंशतिम् (viṁśatim) - twenty
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of viṃśati
viṁśati - twenty
Note: Forms 'ekaviṃśatim' meaning 'twenty-one'.