मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-117
प्राणि वा यदि वाऽप्राणि यत किं चित्श्राद्धिकं भवेत ।
तदालभ्याप्यनध्यायः पाण्यास्यो हि द्विजः स्मृतः ॥११७॥
तदालभ्याप्यनध्यायः पाण्यास्यो हि द्विजः स्मृतः ॥११७॥
117. prāṇi vā yadi vā'prāṇi yat kiṁ citśrāddhikaṁ bhavet ,
tadālabhyāpyanadhyāyaḥ pāṇyāsyo hi dvijaḥ smṛtaḥ.
tadālabhyāpyanadhyāyaḥ pāṇyāsyo hi dvijaḥ smṛtaḥ.
117.
prāṇi vā yadi vā'prāṇi yata kiṃ cit śrāddhikaṃ bhavet
| tadālambhāpyanadhyāyaḥ pāṇyāsyo hi dvijaḥ smṛtaḥ
| tadālambhāpyanadhyāyaḥ pāṇyāsyo hi dvijaḥ smṛtaḥ
117.
Whether it is animate or inanimate, whatever might be received for a śrāddha (pious ceremony), after obtaining it, a twice-born (dvija) should not study, as he is considered to have touched impure substances.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्राणि (prāṇi) - animate (animate, living)
- वा (vā) - or
- यदि (yadi) - if
- वा (vā) - or
- अप्राणि (aprāṇi) - inanimate (inanimate, non-living)
- यत (yata) - whatever (which, whatever)
- किम् (kim) - what, something
- चित् (cit) - anything (ever, even, a particle)
- श्राद्धिकं (śrāddhikaṁ) - received for a śrāddha (pious ceremony) (relating to a śrāddha, received at a śrāddha)
- भवेत् (bhavet) - might be (may be, might be)
- तदालम्भा (tadālambhā) - after obtaining it (after touching that)
- अपि (api) - also (also, even)
- अनध्यायः (anadhyāyaḥ) - prohibition of study (prohibition of study, cessation of study)
- पाण्यास्यः (pāṇyāsyaḥ) - as he is considered to have touched impure substances (having touched impure substances)
- हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, surely)
- द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born (person) (twice-born person)
- स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - considered, regarded (remembered, considered, regarded)
Words meanings and morphology
प्राणि (prāṇi) - animate (animate, living)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṇin
prāṇin - living being, animate creature
present participle
from prāṇa (life, breath)
Note: used here adjectivally or as a noun referring to animate things
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
यदि (yadi) - if
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
अप्राणि (aprāṇi) - inanimate (inanimate, non-living)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aprāṇin
aprāṇin - inanimate, lifeless
negated participle
from prāṇin (living being)
Note: used here adjectivally or as a noun referring to inanimate things
यत (yata) - whatever (which, whatever)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what
Note: refers to 'kimcit śrāddhikaṃ'
किम् (kim) - what, something
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kim
kim - what, something
Note: often used with 'cit' to mean 'anything' or 'something'
चित् (cit) - anything (ever, even, a particle)
(indeclinable)
Note: together with 'kim' forms 'kimcit' meaning 'anything' or 'something'.
श्राद्धिकं (śrāddhikaṁ) - received for a śrāddha (pious ceremony) (relating to a śrāddha, received at a śrāddha)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śrāddhika
śrāddhika - relating to a śrāddha, proper for a śrāddha
derived
from śrāddha
Note: modifies 'kimcit' (whatever)
भवेत् (bhavet) - might be (may be, might be)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (liṅ) of bhū
indicative
root class 1
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: optative mood, indicating possibility or condition
तदालम्भा (tadālambhā) - after obtaining it (after touching that)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of ālambh
ālambh - touching, grasping, obtaining
gerund
from root lambh (to seize, obtain) with prefix ā (towards, to)
Prefix: ā
Root: lambh (class 1)
Note: Ablative case indicating the cause or origin of the prohibition. 'tad' (that) is implied.
अपि (api) - also (also, even)
(indeclinable)
अनध्यायः (anadhyāyaḥ) - prohibition of study (prohibition of study, cessation of study)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anadhyāya
anadhyāya - cessation of study, prohibition of study
negated noun
from adhyāya (study) with prefix an (not)
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'occurs' or 'is'.
पाण्यास्यः (pāṇyāsyaḥ) - as he is considered to have touched impure substances (having touched impure substances)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇyāsya
pāṇyāsya - impure, defiled by touch
Compound type : bahuvrihi (pāṇya+āsya)
- pāṇya – impure, defiled, to be sold
adjective (masculine) - āsya – mouth, face; also implies touch or contact in compounds
noun (neuter)
Note: Predicate adjective describing 'dvijaḥ'.
हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, surely)
(indeclinable)
द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born (person) (twice-born person)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
past passive participle
from root jan (to be born) with prefix dvi (twice)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+janman)
- dvi – two, twice
indeclinable - jan – to be born, to produce
verb (neuter)
past passive participle
root class 4, primary suffix -a
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject of the verb 'smṛtaḥ'.
स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - considered, regarded (remembered, considered, regarded)
(nominal form)
Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛ
smṛ - to remember, to recall, to think of
past passive participle
root class 1
Root: smṛ (class 1)
Note: past passive participle, acting as an adjective or part of a passive construction