मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-45
नान्नमद्यादेकवासा न नग्नः स्नानमाचरेत ।
न मूत्रं पथि कुर्वीत न भस्मनि न गोव्रजे ॥४५॥
न मूत्रं पथि कुर्वीत न भस्मनि न गोव्रजे ॥४५॥
45. nānnamadyādekavāsā na nagnaḥ snānamācaret ,
na mūtraṁ pathi kurvīta na bhasmani na govraje.
na mūtraṁ pathi kurvīta na bhasmani na govraje.
45.
na annam adyāt eka-vāsāḥ na nagnaḥ snānam ācaret
na mūtram pathi kuryīt na bhasmani na go-vraje
na mūtram pathi kuryīt na bhasmani na go-vraje
45.
eka-vāsāḥ na annam adyāt na nagnaḥ snānam ācaret
na mūtram pathi kuryīt na bhasmani na go-vraje
na mūtram pathi kuryīt na bhasmani na go-vraje
45.
One should not eat food while wearing only one garment, nor bathe naked. One should not urinate on the path, in ashes, or in a place where cows graze.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not
- अन्नम् (annam) - food
- अद्यात् (adyāt) - should eat
- एक-वासाः (eka-vāsāḥ) - wearing only one garment
- न (na) - not
- नग्नः (nagnaḥ) - naked
- स्नानम् (snānam) - bathing
- आचरेत् (ācaret) - should perform, should do
- न (na) - not
- मूत्रम् (mūtram) - urine
- पथि (pathi) - on the path, on the road
- कुर्यीत् (kuryīt) - should do, should perform
- न (na) - not
- भस्मनि (bhasmani) - in ashes
- न (na) - not
- गो-व्रजे (go-vraje) - in a cowshed, where cows graze
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
अन्नम् (annam) - food
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anna
anna - food, grain
अद्यात् (adyāt) - should eat
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, Optative (liṅ) of ad
Benedictive
Root ad (to eat) + vidhiliṅ class I.
Root: ad (class 2)
एक-वासाः (eka-vāsāḥ) - wearing only one garment
(compound)
Compound type : tatpurusha (eka+vāsas)
- eka – one, single
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter) - vāsas – garment, cloth, clothing
noun (neuter)
Note: Describes the state of dress while eating.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
नग्नः (nagnaḥ) - naked
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nagna
nagna - naked, unclothed
Note: Describes the state of being unclothed.
स्नानम् (snānam) - bathing
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of snāna
snāna - bathing, ablution
Gerundive/Nominalization
From the root snā (to bathe) + suffix lyuṭ (gerundive/nominalizer).
Root: snā (class 9)
आचरेत् (ācaret) - should perform, should do
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, Optative (liṅ) of kṛ
Benedictive
Root kṛ (to do) + vidhiliṅ class I. The prefix ā indicates completion or thoroughness.
Prefix: ā
Root: kṛ (class 8)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
मूत्रम् (mūtram) - urine
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mūtra
mūtra - urine, excrement
पथि (pathi) - on the path, on the road
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of pathin
pathin - path, road, way
Note: Locative case indicates the location of the action.
कुर्यीत् (kuryīt) - should do, should perform
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, Optative (liṅ) of kṛ
Benedictive
Root kṛ (to do) + vidhiliṅ class I.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
भस्मनि (bhasmani) - in ashes
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of bhasman
bhasman - ash, ashes
Note: Locative case indicates the location of the action.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
गो-व्रजे (go-vraje) - in a cowshed, where cows graze
(compound)
Compound type : tatpurusha (go+vraja)
- go – cow, ox, bull, cattle
noun (feminine/masculine/neuter) - vraja – a herd of cows, cow-pen, pasture, dwelling of cowherds
noun (masculine)
Note: Locative case indicates the location of the action.