मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-154
अभिवादयेद वृद्धांश्च दद्याच्चैवासनं स्वकम ।
कृताञ्जलिरुपासीत गच्छतः पृष्ठतोऽन्वियात ॥१५४॥
कृताञ्जलिरुपासीत गच्छतः पृष्ठतोऽन्वियात ॥१५४॥
154. abhivādayed vṛddhāṁśca dadyāccaivāsanaṁ svakam ,
kṛtāñjalirupāsīta gacchataḥ pṛṣṭhato'nviyāt.
kṛtāñjalirupāsīta gacchataḥ pṛṣṭhato'nviyāt.
154.
abhivādayed vṛddhāṃś ca dadȳāc ca āsanaṃ svakam
kṛtāñjalir upāsīta gacchataḥ pṛṣṭhato 'nviyāt
kṛtāñjalir upāsīta gacchataḥ pṛṣṭhato 'nviyāt
154.
One should greet elders and offer them one's own seat. One should sit with folded hands, and follow behind those who are leaving.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अभिवादयेत् (abhivādayet) - should greet, should salute
- वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders (elderly, old, venerable)
- च (ca) - and
- दद्ȳआत् (dadȳāt) - should give, should offer
- च (ca) - and
- आसनम् (āsanam) - seat, place to sit
- स्वकम् (svakam) - one's own
- कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (one with joined hands, folded hands)
- उपासीत (upāsīta) - should sit (in attendance) (should sit, should serve, should attend)
- गच्छतः (gacchataḥ) - of those who are leaving (of those who are going)
- पृष्ठतो (pṛṣṭhato) - from behind, in the back
- अन्वियात् (anviyāt) - should follow, should go along
Words meanings and morphology
अभिवादयेत् (abhivādayet) - should greet, should salute
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential optative (liṅ) of abhivādayet
Potential Optative
from root 'vād' (to speak, to praise) with prefix 'abhi' (towards) and suffix 'aya' (causative/intensive) - potential mood, 3rd person singular.
Prefix: abhi
Root: vād (class 10)
वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders (elderly, old, venerable)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛddha
vṛddha - grown, old, aged, elder, venerable
Past Passive Participle
from root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase)
Root: vṛdh (class 1)
Note: Accusative plural, object of 'abhivādayet'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
दद्ȳआत् (dadȳāt) - should give, should offer
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential optative (liṅ) of dadȳāt
Potential Optative
from root 'dā' (to give) - potential mood, 3rd person singular.
Root: dā (class 3)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
आसनम् (āsanam) - seat, place to sit
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of āsana
āsana - seat, chair, posture
gerundive
from root 'as' (to sit)
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Accusative singular, object of 'dadȳāt'.
स्वकम् (svakam) - one's own
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of svaka
svaka - one's own, own
derived from 'sva' (self)
Note: Modifies 'āsanam'.
कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (one with joined hands, folded hands)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali
kṛtāñjali - one who has joined hands in salutation
compound of 'kṛta' (done, made) and 'añjali' (joined palms)
Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛta+añjali)
- kṛta – done, made, performed, accomplished
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - añjali – joined palms, hollow of the hands
noun (masculine)
Note: Nominative singular, acting as the subject of 'upāsīta'.
उपासीत (upāsīta) - should sit (in attendance) (should sit, should serve, should attend)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential optative (liṅ) of upāsīta
Potential Optative
from root 'ās' (to sit) with prefix 'upa' (near, under) - potential mood, 3rd person singular.
Prefix: upa
Root: as (class 2)
गच्छतः (gacchataḥ) - of those who are leaving (of those who are going)
(participle)
Genitive, masculine, plural of gacchata
gacchata - going, walking
Present Participle
from root 'gam' (to go) with present participle suffix 'at'
Root: gam (class 2)
Note: Genitive plural, modifying 'pṛṣṭhataḥ'.
पृष्ठतो (pṛṣṭhato) - from behind, in the back
(indeclinable)
derived from 'pṛṣṭha' (back)
Note: Indicates the direction of following.
अन्वियात् (anviyāt) - should follow, should go along
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, potential optative (liṅ) of anviyāt
Potential Optative
from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'anu' (along) and 'abhi' (towards) - potential mood, 3rd person singular. Note: the sandhi is 'anviyāt' from 'anu + abhi + iyāt'. The text here has 'anviyāt' directly from 'anu+i+liṅ'.
Prefix: anu
Root: i (class 2)