मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-105
निर्घाते भूमिचलने ज्योतिषां चोपसर्जने ।
एतानाकालिकान विद्यादनध्यायान ऋतावपि ॥१०५॥
एतानाकालिकान विद्यादनध्यायान ऋतावपि ॥१०५॥
105. nirghāte bhūmicalane jyotiṣāṁ copasarjane ,
etānākālikān vidyādanadhyāyān ṛtāvapi.
etānākālikān vidyādanadhyāyān ṛtāvapi.
105.
nirghāte bhūmicacane jyotiṣāṃ copasārjane
etān ākālikān vidyād anadhyāyān ṛtāv api
etān ākālikān vidyād anadhyāyān ṛtāv api
105.
nirghāte bhūmicacane jyotiṣāṃ ca upasārjane
etān ākālikān anadhyāyān ṛtāv api vidyād
etān ākālikān anadhyāyān ṛtāv api vidyād
105.
Manu declared these as unscheduled study times, even during the proper season: during an earthquake, an upheaval of the earth, and the proximity of celestial bodies.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- निर्घाते (nirghāte) - during an earthquake (in thunderclap, in explosion, in earthquake)
- भूमिचचने (bhūmicacane) - an upheaval of the earth (in the shaking of the earth)
- ज्योतिषां (jyotiṣāṁ) - celestial bodies (of lights, of celestial bodies, of stars)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- उपसार्जने (upasārjane) - the proximity (in joining, in coming near, in conjunction)
- एतान् (etān) - these (situations) (these)
- आकालिकान् (ākālikān) - unscheduled (untimely, not at the proper time)
- विद्याद् (vidyād) - declared (should know, should understand)
- अनध्यायान् (anadhyāyān) - unscheduled study times (cessations of study, periods of not studying)
- ऋताव् (ṛtāv) - during the proper season (in season, during the proper season)
- अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
Words meanings and morphology
निर्घाते (nirghāte) - during an earthquake (in thunderclap, in explosion, in earthquake)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of nirghāta
nirghāta - thunderclap, explosion, sudden noise, earthquake
from root 'ghan' (to strike) with prefix 'nir' (out, off)
Prefix: nir
Root: ghan (class 1)
भूमिचचने (bhūmicacane) - an upheaval of the earth (in the shaking of the earth)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of bhūmiccalana
bhūmiccalana - earthquake, shaking of the earth
compound: bhūmi (earth) + calana (shaking, movement).
Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūmi+calana)
- bhūmi – earth, ground, land
noun (feminine) - calana – shaking, movement, motion
noun (neuter)
from root 'cal' (to move, to shake)
Root: cal (class 1)
ज्योतिषां (jyotiṣāṁ) - celestial bodies (of lights, of celestial bodies, of stars)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of jyotiṣ
jyotiṣ - light, flame, star, celestial body, day
from root 'dyut' (to shine)
Root: dyut (class 4)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
उपसार्जने (upasārjane) - the proximity (in joining, in coming near, in conjunction)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of upasārjana
upasārjana - joining, applying, conjunction, proximity
from root 'sṛ' (to go, to move) with prefix 'upa' (near) and suffix '-jana'
Prefix: upa
Root: sṛ (class 1)
एतान् (etān) - these (situations) (these)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, that, he, she, it
Note: referring to the phenomena listed.
आकालिकान् (ākālikān) - unscheduled (untimely, not at the proper time)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of ākalika
ākalika - untimely, not seasonal, unexpected
derived from 'kāla' (time) with prefix 'ā' (towards, up to) and suffix '-ika'
Note: modifies 'anadhyāyān'
विद्याद् (vidyād) - declared (should know, should understand)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (liṅ) of vid
Root class 4. Several meanings depending on context.
Root: vid (class 4)
अनध्यायान् (anadhyāyān) - unscheduled study times (cessations of study, periods of not studying)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of anadhyāya
anadhyāya - cessation of study, period of not studying
negated form of 'adhyāya' (study) with prefix 'an-'
ऋताव् (ṛtāv) - during the proper season (in season, during the proper season)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of ṛta
ṛta - season, order, truth, right
अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
Note: This 'api' emphasizes that these unscheduled times apply even when it is the proper season.