मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-57
नैकः सुप्यात्शून्यगेहे न श्रेयांसं प्रबोधयेत ।
नोदक्ययाऽभिभाषेत यज्ञं गच्छेन्न चावृतः ॥५७॥
नोदक्ययाऽभिभाषेत यज्ञं गच्छेन्न चावृतः ॥५७॥
57. naikaḥ supyātśūnyagehe na śreyāṁsaṁ prabodhayet ,
nodakyayā'bhibhāṣeta yajñaṁ gacchenna cāvṛtaḥ.
nodakyayā'bhibhāṣeta yajñaṁ gacchenna cāvṛtaḥ.
57.
na ekaḥ supyāt śūnyagehe na śreyāṃsaṃ prabodhayet
na udakyayā abhibhāṣeta yajñaṃ gacche na ca āvṛtaḥ
na udakyayā abhibhāṣeta yajñaṃ gacche na ca āvṛtaḥ
57.
One should not sleep alone in an empty house, nor awaken a superior. One should not speak to one who is wet, nor go to a Vedic ritual (yajña) uncovered.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not
- एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (one, alone)
- सुप्यात् (supyāt) - should sleep
- शून्यगेहे (śūnyagehe) - in an empty house
- न (na) - not
- श्रेयांसम् (śreyāṁsam) - superior (superior, elder, better)
- प्रबोधयेत् (prabodhayet) - should awaken (should awaken, should inform)
- न (na) - not
- उदक्यया (udakyayā) - to one who is wet (by the one who is wet)
- अभिभाषेत (abhibhāṣeta) - should speak to (should speak to, should address)
- यज्ञं (yajñaṁ) - Vedic ritual (yajña) (sacrifice, Vedic ritual)
- गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go
- न (na) - not
- च (ca) - nor (and)
- आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - covered (covered, clothed)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (one, alone)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of eka
eka - one, alone, single
सुप्यात् (supyāt) - should sleep
(verb)
3rd person , active, Potential (vidhiliṅ) of svap
Potential
Potential mood, 3rd person singular
Root: svap (class 2)
Note: negated by preceding 'na'
शून्यगेहे (śūnyagehe) - in an empty house
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of śūnyageha
śūnyageha - empty house
Compound of 'śūnya' (empty) and 'geha' (house)
Compound type : tatpurusha (śūnya+geha)
- śūnya – empty, void, null
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter) - geha – house, home
noun (neuter)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
श्रेयांसम् (śreyāṁsam) - superior (superior, elder, better)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of śreyas
śreyas - better, superior, excellent, welfare
प्रबोधयेत् (prabodhayet) - should awaken (should awaken, should inform)
(verb)
3rd person , active, Potential (vidhiliṅ) of budh
Causative, Potential
Causative form, Potential mood, 3rd person singular
Prefix: pra
Root: budh (class 1)
Note: negated by preceding 'na'
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
उदक्यया (udakyayā) - to one who is wet (by the one who is wet)
(adjective)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of udakya
udakya - wet, watery
Derived from 'udaka' (water)
Note: indicates the person addressed
अभिभाषेत (abhibhāṣeta) - should speak to (should speak to, should address)
(verb)
3rd person , middle, Potential (vidhiliṅ) of bhāṣ
Atmanepada, Potential
Atmanepada, Potential mood, 3rd person singular
Prefix: abhi
Root: bhāṣ (class 10)
Note: negated by preceding 'na'
यज्ञं (yajñaṁ) - Vedic ritual (yajña) (sacrifice, Vedic ritual)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yajña
yajña - sacrifice, offering, worship, Vedic ritual
from root 'yaj' (to worship, to sacrifice)
Root: yaj (class 2)
गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go
(verb)
3rd person , active, Potential (vidhiliṅ) of gam
Potential
Potential mood, 3rd person singular
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: negated by preceding 'na'
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - nor (and)
(indeclinable)
आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - covered (covered, clothed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āvṛta
āvṛta - covered, clothed, surrounded
Past Passive Participle
from root 'vṛ' (to cover) with prefix 'ā'
Prefix: ā
Root: vṛ (class 4)
Note: modifies implied subject 'one'