मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-118
चोरैरुपद्रुते ग्रामे संभ्रमे चाग्निकारिते ।
आकालिकमनध्यायं विद्यात सर्वाद्भुतेषु च ॥११८॥
आकालिकमनध्यायं विद्यात सर्वाद्भुतेषु च ॥११८॥
118. corairupadrute grāme saṁbhrame cāgnikārite ,
ākālikamanadhyāyaṁ vidyāt sarvādbhuteṣu ca.
ākālikamanadhyāyaṁ vidyāt sarvādbhuteṣu ca.
118.
corairupadrute grāme saṃbhreme cāgnikārite
| ākālikamanadhyāyaṃ vidyāt sarvādbhuteṣu ca
| ākālikamanadhyāyaṃ vidyāt sarvādbhuteṣu ca
118.
In a village afflicted by thieves, in a state of confusion, or when fire rituals are performed, and in all calamities, one should know there is a temporary prohibition of study.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- चोरैः (coraiḥ) - by thieves
- उपद्रुते (upadrute) - afflicted (afflicted, disturbed)
- ग्रामे (grāme) - in the village
- संभ्रेमे (saṁbhreme) - in a state of confusion (in confusion, in excitement)
- च (ca) - and, also
- अग्निकारिते (agnikārite) - when fire rituals are performed
- आकालिकम् (ākālikam) - temporary (untimely, temporary)
- अनध्यायं (anadhyāyaṁ) - prohibition of study (prohibition of study, cessation of study)
- विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know (should know, should understand)
- सर्वाद्भुतेषु (sarvādbhuteṣu) - in all calamities (in all wonderful things, in all calamities)
- च (ca) - and, also
Words meanings and morphology
चोरैः (coraiḥ) - by thieves
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of cora
cora - thief
Note: Instrumental case indicating the agent in a passive construction.
उपद्रुते (upadrute) - afflicted (afflicted, disturbed)
(nominal form)
Locative, masculine, singular of upadrav
upadrav - to be troubled, to be afflicted, to be disturbed
past passive participle
from root drav (to run) with prefix upa (down, near, towards) and prefix ā (added for intensity)
Prefixes: upa+ā
Root: drav (class 1)
Note: past passive participle, used adjectivally to describe 'grāme'
ग्रामे (grāme) - in the village
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of grāma
grāma - village
Note: Locative case indicating place.
संभ्रेमे (saṁbhreme) - in a state of confusion (in confusion, in excitement)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saṃbhrama
saṁbhrama - confusion, excitement, agitation
Prefix: saṃ
Root: bhram (class 1)
Note: Locative case indicating circumstance.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अग्निकारिते (agnikārite) - when fire rituals are performed
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of agnikārya
agnikārya - fire ritual, action involving fire
derived
from agni (fire) and kṛ (to do, to make)
Compound type : tatpurusha (agni+kārya)
- agni – fire
noun (masculine) - kārya – work, action, deed, thing to be done
noun (neuter)
gerundive
from root kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Locative case indicating circumstance. 'kārite' indicates 'when done'.
आकालिकम् (ākālikam) - temporary (untimely, temporary)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ākālika
ākālika - untimely, occasional, temporary
derived
from a-kāla (not time) or ā-kāla (up to time)
Note: modifies 'anadhyāyam' (cessation of study), indicating it is temporary.
अनध्यायं (anadhyāyaṁ) - prohibition of study (prohibition of study, cessation of study)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of anadhyāya
anadhyāya - cessation of study, prohibition of study
negated noun
from adhyāya (study) with prefix an (not)
Note: Direct object of the verb 'vidyāt'.
विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know (should know, should understand)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (liṅ) of vid
indicative
root class 2
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: optative mood, indicating what should be done or understood.
सर्वाद्भुतेषु (sarvādbhuteṣu) - in all calamities (in all wonderful things, in all calamities)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of sarvādbhuta
sarvādbhuta - all wonderful things, all calamities
Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarva+adbhuta)
- sarva – all, entire, whole
adjective (neuter) - adbhuta – wonderful, marvelous, strange, unusual, calamity
noun (neuter)
past passive participle
from root bhū (to be) with prefix adhi (over) and intensifier 'a'
Prefix: adhi
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Locative case indicating circumstances. Plural 'sarvādbhuteṣu' means 'in all calamities' or 'in all unusual situations'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)