मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-18
वयसः कर्मणोऽर्थस्य श्रुतस्याभिजनस्य च ।
वेषवाग्बुद्धिसारूप्यमाचरन विचरेदिह ॥१८॥
वेषवाग्बुद्धिसारूप्यमाचरन विचरेदिह ॥१८॥
18. vayasaḥ karmaṇo'rthasya śrutasyābhijanasya ca ,
veṣavāgbuddhisārūpyamācaran vicarediha.
veṣavāgbuddhisārūpyamācaran vicarediha.
18.
vayasaḥ karmaṇaḥ arthasya śrutasya abhijanasya
ca veṣavāg buddhisārūpyam ācaran vicared iha
ca veṣavāg buddhisārūpyam ācaran vicared iha
18.
One should act and move in this world, exhibiting consistency in appearance, speech, and intellect, with regard to one's age, actions, purpose, learning, and lineage.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वयसः (vayasaḥ) - one's age (of age, of youth)
- कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - actions (of action, of deed, of work)
- अर्थस्य (arthasya) - purpose (of purpose, of meaning, of wealth, of object)
- श्रुतस्य (śrutasya) - learning (of learning, of scripture, of what is heard)
- अभिजनस्य (abhijanasya) - lineage (of lineage, of origin, of birth)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- वेषवाग् (veṣavāg) - appearance, speech (appearance and speech)
- बुद्धिसारूप्यम् (buddhisārūpyam) - consistency of intellect (sameness of intellect, consistency of intellect)
- आचरन् (ācaran) - acting (with consistency) (acting, behaving, practicing)
- विचरेद् (vicared) - should move (should move, should wander, should live)
- इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world)
Words meanings and morphology
वयसः (vayasaḥ) - one's age (of age, of youth)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of vayasa
vayasa - age, youth, time of life
Derived from the root '√vu' (to grow, to increase) or '√vay' (to blow, to move).
Root: √vu (class 1)
कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - actions (of action, of deed, of work)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, act, ritual, effect, destiny
Derived from the root '√kṛ' (to do, to make) with the suffix '-ma'.
Root: √kṛ (class 8)
अर्थस्य (arthasya) - purpose (of purpose, of meaning, of wealth, of object)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of artha
artha - goal, aim, purpose, object, wealth, meaning, sense, reason, advantage, interest
Derived from the root 'ṛ' (ṛ-dhātu) + 'tha' suffix.
Root: √ṛ (class 1)
श्रुतस्य (śrutasya) - learning (of learning, of scripture, of what is heard)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of śruta
śruta - heard, learned, scripture, Vedic knowledge, fame
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root '√śru' (to hear) with the past passive participle suffix '-kta'.
Root: √śru (class 1)
अभिजनस्य (abhijanasya) - lineage (of lineage, of origin, of birth)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of abhijana
abhijana - birthplace, origin, lineage, family, noble birth
Compound of 'abhi-' (prefix indicating direction or intensity) and 'jana' (birth, person, race).
Prefix: abhi-
Root: √jan (class 4)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
वेषवाग् (veṣavāg) - appearance, speech (appearance and speech)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of veṣavāk
veṣavāk - appearance and speech
Compound of 'veṣa' (dress, appearance, guise) and 'vāk' (speech, voice).
Compound type : dvandva (veṣa+vāk)
- veṣa – dress, attire, guise, appearance, costume
noun (masculine) - vāk – speech, voice, word, utterance
noun (feminine)
Derived from the root '√vac' (to speak) with the suffix '-k'.
Root: √vac (class 2)
Note: This is part of a compound referring to consistency in appearance and speech.
बुद्धिसारूप्यम् (buddhisārūpyam) - consistency of intellect (sameness of intellect, consistency of intellect)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of buddhisārūpya
buddhisārūpya - sameness of intellect, consistency of intellect, uniformity of understanding
Compound of 'buddhi' (intellect, understanding) and 'sārūpya' (sameness, uniformity, likeness).
Compound type : tatpurusha (buddhi+sārūpya)
- buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind, consciousness, perception, wisdom
noun (feminine)
Derived from the root '√budh' (to know, to awaken, to understand) with the suffix '-i'.
Root: √budh (class 1) - sārūpya – sameness of form, likeness, uniformity, consistency, conformity
noun (neuter)
Derived from 'sarūpa' (of the same form) with the suffix '-ya'. 'Sarūpa' is a compound of 'sa-' (together, same) and 'rūpa' (form).
Prefix: sa-
Note: This word is governed by 'ācaran' (acting) and refers to uniformity or consistency.
आचरन् (ācaran) - acting (with consistency) (acting, behaving, practicing)
(verb)
singular, active, present participle (śatṛ) of ācar
Present Participle
Root '√car' (to move, to go, to act) with prefix 'ā-' (towards, thoroughly). In the present participle form.
Prefix: ā-
Root: √car (class 1)
विचरेद् (vicared) - should move (should move, should wander, should live)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of vicṛ
Parasmaipada (active voice) Optative
Root '√car' (to move) with prefix 'vi-' (apart, in various directions). In the optative mood, third person singular, parasmapada.
Prefix: vi-
Root: √car (class 1)
इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world)
(indeclinable)