मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-96
पुष्ये तु छन्दसां कुर्याद बहिरुत्सर्जनं द्विजः ।
माघशुक्लस्य वा प्राप्ते पूर्वाह्णे प्रथमेऽहनि ॥९६॥
माघशुक्लस्य वा प्राप्ते पूर्वाह्णे प्रथमेऽहनि ॥९६॥
96. puṣye tu chandasāṁ kuryād bahirutsarjanaṁ dvijaḥ ,
māghaśuklasya vā prāpte pūrvāhṇe prathame'hani.
māghaśuklasya vā prāpte pūrvāhṇe prathame'hani.
96.
puṣye tu chandasāṁ kuryāt bahir utsarjanaṁ dvijaḥ
magha śuklasya vā prāpte pūrvāhṇe prathame ahani
magha śuklasya vā prāpte pūrvāhṇe prathame ahani
96.
However, the twice-born person (dvija) should perform the ' utsarga ' (formal completion or release) of the Vedic chants externally in Puṣya (nakṣatra), or on the first day of the bright half of Māgha, during the forenoon.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पुष्ये (puṣye) - during the nakṣatra Puṣya (in Puṣya)
- तु (tu) - introduces a contrast or alternative (but, however)
- छन्दसां (chandasāṁ) - of the Vedic hymns (of the Vedic chants)
- कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should perform (should do)
- बहिर् (bahir) - externally, outside the usual place of study (outside)
- उत्सर्जनं (utsarjanaṁ) - formal conclusion or dedication ceremony (release, abandonment)
- द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brahmin (twice-born)
- मघ (magha) - the bright half of the month of Māgha (Māgha month)
- शुक्लस्य (śuklasya) - of the waxing moon phase (of the bright half)
- वा (vā) - or
- प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when the time arrives (having arrived, when reached)
- पूर्वाह्णे (pūrvāhṇe) - during the morning period (in the forenoon)
- प्रथमे (prathame) - on the first day (first)
- अहनि (ahani) - on the day
Words meanings and morphology
पुष्ये (puṣye) - during the nakṣatra Puṣya (in Puṣya)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of puṣya
puṣya - a lunar mansion (nakṣatra), a star; also the month of Māgha
तु (tu) - introduces a contrast or alternative (but, however)
(indeclinable)
छन्दसां (chandasāṁ) - of the Vedic hymns (of the Vedic chants)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of chandas
chandas - meter, verse, hymn, Vedic text, Vedic chant
Derived from the root 'chand' (to be pleased, to cover, to shine).
Root: chand (class 10)
Note: Possessive case, indicating the utsarga pertains to the chandas.
कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should perform (should do)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of kuryāt
Benedictiv/Optative
Optative mood, 3rd person singular, from the root 'kr̥' (to do, make).
Root: kr̥ (class 8)
बहिर् (bahir) - externally, outside the usual place of study (outside)
(indeclinable)
उत्सर्जनं (utsarjanaṁ) - formal conclusion or dedication ceremony (release, abandonment)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of utsarjana
utsarjana - emission, letting go, abandonment, release, consecration
Nominal derivation
From the root 'sr̥j' (to emit, release, create) with the prefix 'ut-' (up, out) and the suffix '-ana'.
Prefix: ut
Root: sr̥j (class 6)
द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brahmin (twice-born)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth, pearl, grass
Compound of 'dvi-' (two) and 'ja-' (born). Refers to those who undergo initiation (upanayana) besides birth.
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
numeral - ja – born, produced
indeclinable
Participle stem
From the root 'jan' (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
मघ (magha) - the bright half of the month of Māgha (Māgha month)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of magha
magha - name of a month (Jan-Feb)
Note: Part of the compound 'magha śuklasya'.
शुक्लस्य (śuklasya) - of the waxing moon phase (of the bright half)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of śukla
śukla - bright, white, the bright half of a lunar month
Derived from the root 'śuc' (to shine, to be pure).
Root: śuc (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'magha' and indicates the bright fortnight.
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when the time arrives (having arrived, when reached)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of prāpta
prāpta - obtained, attained, arrived
Past Passive Participle
From the root 'prāp' (to reach, attain) with prefix 'pra-'.
Prefix: pra
Root: prāp (class 1)
पूर्वाह्णे (pūrvāhṇe) - during the morning period (in the forenoon)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of pūrvāhna
pūrvāhna - forenoon, morning
Compound of 'pūrva' (before, east) and 'ahna' (day).
Compound type : tatpurusha (pūrva+ahna)
- pūrva – former, previous, east
adjective (masculine) - ahna – day
noun (masculine)
प्रथमे (prathame) - on the first day (first)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of prathama
prathama - first, primary
Superlative of 'pra-' (forth, forward).
अहनि (ahani) - on the day
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of ahani
ahani - day