मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-191
तस्मादविद्वान बिभियाद यस्मात तस्मात प्रतिग्रहात ।
स्वल्पकेनाप्यविद्वान हि पङ्के गौरिव सीदति ॥१९१॥
स्वल्पकेनाप्यविद्वान हि पङ्के गौरिव सीदति ॥१९१॥
191. tasmādavidvān bibhiyād yasmāt tasmāt pratigrahāt ,
svalpakenāpyavidvān hi paṅke gauriva sīdati.
svalpakenāpyavidvān hi paṅke gauriva sīdati.
191.
tasmāt advidvān bibhiyāt yasmāt tasmāt pratigrahāt
svalpakena api advidvān hi paṅke gauḥ iva sīdati
svalpakena api advidvān hi paṅke gauḥ iva sīdati
191.
Therefore, the ignorant person should fear that from which they accept gifts, just as a person ignorant of the proper procedures fears (accepting gifts). For the ignorant person sinks down in a pit, like an ox.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (from that, therefore)
- अद्विद्वान् (advidvān) - ignorant person (ignorant, unwise)
- बिभियात् (bibhiyāt) - should fear (should fear, fears)
- यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which (source) (from which, from whom)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (source) (from that, therefore)
- प्रतिग्रहात् (pratigrahāt) - from receiving gifts (from acceptance, from receiving)
- स्वल्पकेन (svalpakena) - even by a little (by a little, by a small amount)
- अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
- अद्विद्वान् (advidvān) - the ignorant person (ignorant, unwise)
- हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, as)
- पङ्के (paṅke) - in a pit (in mud, in mire, in a pit)
- गौः (gauḥ) - ox (ox, cow, bull)
- इव (iva) - like (like, as)
- सीदति (sīdati) - sinks down (sinks, falls, subsides)
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (from that, therefore)
(pronoun)
Ablative of tasma
tasma - that
अद्विद्वान् (advidvān) - ignorant person (ignorant, unwise)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of advidvat
advidvat - ignorant, not knowing
Past Active Participle
formed from the negation of vid 'to know'
Prefix: a
Root: vid (class 2)
बिभियात् (bibhiyāt) - should fear (should fear, fears)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of bhī
Root: bhī (class 6)
यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which (source) (from which, from whom)
(pronoun)
Ablative of yasma
yasma - who, which
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (source) (from that, therefore)
(pronoun)
Ablative of tasma
tasma - that
प्रतिग्रहात् (pratigrahāt) - from receiving gifts (from acceptance, from receiving)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of pratigraha
pratigraha - reception, acceptance (especially of gifts)
Nominal
formed from prati 'towards' + graha 'taking'
Compound type : dvandva (prati+graha)
- prati – towards, back, against
indeclinable - graha – taking, seizing, grasp
noun (masculine)
formed from root grah
Root: grah (class 2)
स्वल्पकेन (svalpakena) - even by a little (by a little, by a small amount)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of svalpaka
svalpaka - very small, little
formed from su 'very' + alpa 'small'
Compound type : dvandva (su+alpa)
- su – very, well
indeclinable - alpa – small, little
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
अद्विद्वान् (advidvān) - the ignorant person (ignorant, unwise)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of advidvat
advidvat - ignorant, not knowing
Past Active Participle
formed from the negation of vid 'to know'
Prefix: a
Root: vid (class 2)
हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, as)
(indeclinable)
पङ्के (paṅke) - in a pit (in mud, in mire, in a pit)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of paṅka
paṅka - mud, mire, dirt, dung
गौः (gauḥ) - ox (ox, cow, bull)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of ga
ga - ox, cow, bull, earth, speech, light
इव (iva) - like (like, as)
(indeclinable)
सीदति (sīdati) - sinks down (sinks, falls, subsides)
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of sid
Root: sid (class 2)