मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-4, verse-39
मृदं गां दैवतं विप्रं घृतं मधु चतुष्पथम ।
प्रदक्षिणानि कुर्वीत प्रज्ञातांश्च वनस्पतीन ॥३९॥
प्रदक्षिणानि कुर्वीत प्रज्ञातांश्च वनस्पतीन ॥३९॥
39. mṛdaṁ gāṁ daivataṁ vipraṁ ghṛtaṁ madhu catuṣpatham ,
pradakṣiṇāni kurvīta prajñātāṁśca vanaspatīn.
pradakṣiṇāni kurvīta prajñātāṁśca vanaspatīn.
39.
mṛdaṃ gāṃ daivataṃ vipraṃ ghṛtaṃ madhu catuṣpatham
| pradakṣiṇāni kurbīta prajñātāṃśca vanaspatīn
| pradakṣiṇāni kurbīta prajñātāṃśca vanaspatīn
39.
mṛdaṃ gāṃ daivataṃ vipraṃ ghṛtaṃ madhu catuṣpatham
prajñātāṃśca vanaspatīn pradakṣiṇāni kurbīta
prajñātāṃśca vanaspatīn pradakṣiṇāni kurbīta
39.
One should circumambulate with awareness a clod of earth, a cow, a Brahmin, ghee, honey, a crossroads, and well-known trees.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मृदम् (mṛdam) - a clod of earth (earth, clay)
- गाम् (gām) - a cow (cow)
- दैवतम् (daivatam) - a divine being (worthy of reverence) (divine, god, fate, divine being)
- विप्रम् (vipram) - a Brahmin (Brahmin, wise man, priest)
- घृतम् (ghṛtam) - ghee (ghee, clarified butter)
- मधु (madhu) - honey (honey, sweetness, spring)
- चतुष्पथम् (catuṣpatham) - a crossroads (crossroads, intersection)
- प्रदक्षिणानि (pradakṣiṇāni) - circumambulations (performed rightward) (circumambulations (rightward))
- कुर्बीत (kurbīta) - one should perform (should do, should make)
- प्रज्ञाताम्श्च (prajñātāmśca) - and well-known (and known, and well-known)
- वनस्पतीन् (vanaspatīn) - trees (trees, forest dwellers)
Words meanings and morphology
मृदम् (mṛdam) - a clod of earth (earth, clay)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of mṛd
mṛd - earth, soil, clay, dirt
गाम् (gām) - a cow (cow)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of go
go - cow, bull, ox, earth, speech, light, water, king, heaven, a particular measurement
दैवतम् (daivatam) - a divine being (worthy of reverence) (divine, god, fate, divine being)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of daivata
daivata - divine, godly, supernatural, a god, deity, fate, destiny
derived from 'deva' (god) with suffix '-ta'
विप्रम् (vipram) - a Brahmin (Brahmin, wise man, priest)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - wise, knowing, agitated, a wise man, a Brahmin, a priest, a poet
related to 'vip-' (to move quickly, to tremble) or 'vep-' (to be agitated)
घृतम् (ghṛtam) - ghee (ghee, clarified butter)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ghṛta
ghṛta - clarified butter, ghee, sprinkled, covered, shining
Past Passive Participle
derived from root 'ghṛ-' (to sprinkle, to shine, to cover)
Root: ghṛ (class 2)
मधु (madhu) - honey (honey, sweetness, spring)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of madhu
madhu - honey, mead, intoxicating drink, sweetness, pleasant, spring (season)
चतुष्पथम् (catuṣpatham) - a crossroads (crossroads, intersection)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of catuṣpatha
catuṣpatha - a place where four roads meet, a crossroads, an intersection
compound of 'catuṣ' (four) and 'patha' (path, road)
Compound type : tatpurusha (catuṣ+patha)
- catuṣ – four
indeclinable - patha – path, way, road
noun (masculine)
प्रदक्षिणानि (pradakṣiṇāni) - circumambulations (performed rightward) (circumambulations (rightward))
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of pradakṣiṇa
pradakṣiṇa - going around (on the right side), circumambulation, right-hand side
compound of 'pra-' (forward, forth) and 'dakṣiṇa' (right, south, skillful)
Compound type : tatpurusha (dakṣiṇa)
- dakṣiṇa – right, southern, skillful, fortunate, direct
adjective (masculine)
कुर्बीत (kurbīta) - one should perform (should do, should make)
(verb)
active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: 3rd person singular, potential mood often translated as 'should'
प्रज्ञाताम्श्च (prajñātāmśca) - and well-known (and known, and well-known)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of prajñāta
prajñāta - known, recognized, famous, wise
Past Passive Participle
derived from root 'jñā-' (to know) with prefix 'pra-'
Prefix: pra
Root: jñā (class 2)
Note: sandhi with 'ca' (and)
वनस्पतीन् (vanaspatīn) - trees (trees, forest dwellers)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vanaspati
vanaspati - a tree, a lord of the forest, plants, vegetation
compound of 'vana' (forest) and 'pati' (lord, master)
Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+pati)
- vana – forest, wood, wilderness, jungle
noun (neuter) - pati – lord, master, husband, ruler, protector
noun (masculine)